Principality of Upper Hungary

The Principality of Upper Hungary[1] (Hungarian: Felső-Magyarországi Fejedelemség; Ottoman Turkish: او رتا ماجار, romanized: Orta Macâr, lit. 'Middle Hungary') was a short lived Ottoman vassal state ruled by Imre Thököly.

Principality of Upper Hungary

Felső-Magyarországi Fejedelemség
Orta Macar
1682–1685
Principality of Upper Hungary in 1683
StatusVassal state of the Ottoman Empire
CapitalKassa (present-day Košice)
GovernmentPrincipality
Prince 
History 
 Established
November 19, 1682
 Disestablished
October 15, 1685
ISO 3166 codeHU
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)
Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)
Today part ofHungary, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine

Background

The region of Upper Hungary was considered to be an appanage principality, and it was usually managed by the heir of Hungarian throne, or by a brother of the reigning king. This territory would be administrated from the city of Pozsony (German: Pressburg, today's Bratislava).[2] After peace treaty of Vasvár was signed in 1664, loyalty felt by Hungarians towards Habsburg dynasty was in decline. Imperial administration acted against interests of the Hungarian estates. In 1671 a rebellion was successfully thwarted. However, a year later Mihály Teleki led a more successful rebellion. In 1680 Imre Thököly became the leading figure of the rebellion. These rebellions were supported and sustained by the Ottoman state and the Principality of Transylvania.[3][4]

Establishment and later history

The principality was established on 19 November 1682.[5] The polity agreed to pay 20,000 gold coins to the Ottomans annually.[6] In 1685 Thököly was defeated at Eperjes (present-day Prešov) and the Turks imprisoned him because of his previous negotiations with Leopold therefore his realm ceased to exist.

See also

References

  1. Hadtörténelmi közlemények, Volume 118, Issues 3-4, Hadtörténeti Intézet és Múzeum, 2005, p. 409
  2. William Mahoney (18 February 2011). The History of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. ABC-CLIO. p. 34. ISBN 978-0-313-36306-1.
  3. Balázs Trencsényi; Márton Zászkaliczky (2010). Whose Love of Which Country?: Composite States, National Histories and Patriotic Discourses in Early Modern East Central Europe. BRILL. p. 547. ISBN 90-04-18262-4.
  4. István Keul (2009). Early Modern Religious Communities in East-Central Europe: Ethnic Diversity, Denominational Plurality, and Corporative Politics in the Principality of Transylvania (1526-1691). BRILL. p. 219. ISBN 90-04-17652-7.
  5. J. János Varga, A fogyó félhold árnyékában, Gondolat, Budapest, 1986, p. 31
  6. "Kereszt és félhold". mek.oszk.hu.

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