Prunus fenzliana

Prunus fenzliana is a species of wild almond native to the Caucasus areas of Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, and Turkmenistan, preferring to grow at 1400-3500 m above sea level. On the basis of morphology it has been long thought to be one of the wild species that contributed to the origin of the cultivated almond (Prunus dulcis). Genetic testing of both nuclear and chloroplast DNA has confirmed that it is the closest relative (and presumed lone ancestor) of Prunus dulcis.[3][4]

Prunus fenzliana
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Rosids
Order:
Rosales
Family:
Rosaceae
Genus:
Prunus
Subgenus:
Amygdalus
Species:
P. fenzliana
Binomial name
Prunus fenzliana
Synonyms[2]
  • Amygdalus fenzliana (Fritsch) Korsh.
  • Amygdalus fenzliana (Fritsch) Lipsky
  • Amygdalus nairica Fed. & Takht.
  • Prunus nairica (Fed. & Takht.) Eisenman
  • Amygdalus pseudopersica (Tamamsch.) Fed. & Takht.
  • Amygdalus urartu Tamamsch.
  • Prunus urartu (Tamamsch.) Eisenman
  • Amygdalus gjarnyensis Tamamsch.
  • Amygdalus grossheimii Tamamsch.
  • Amygdalus zangezura Fed. & Takht.

Description

Prunus fenzliana is a tall shrub or small tree reaching 4 m. It can be distinguished from its close relatives by a number of features, including having one-year-old twigs that are reddish on the side exposed to the sun, green elsewhere. The fruits start a dark green and mature to light tan. When fully mature the fruits, much like its domesticated counterpart, pop open to reveal the seed which can be up to 1 cm long.[2]

References
  1. Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., Abt. 1, 101:632, t. 2. 1892
  2. Yazbek, Mariana Mostafa (February 2010). Systematics of Prunus Subgenus Amygdalus: Monograph and Phylogeny (PDF) (PhD). Cornell University.
  3. Zeinalabedini, M.; Khayam-Nekoui, M.; Grigorian, V.; Gradziel, T.M.; Martínez-Gómez, P. (26 July 2010). "The origin and dissemination of the cultivated almond as determined by nuclear and chloroplast SSR marker analysis". Scientia Horticulturae. 125 (4): 593–601. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2010.05.007.
  4. https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Prunus%20fenzliana
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