Pterostylis longifolia

Pterostylis longifolia, commonly known as the common leafy greenhood[2] or tall greenhood,[3] is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. Flowering plants have up to seven flowers which are green, partly transparent and which have a labellum which is pale green and hairy with a blackish central stripe. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves but flowering plants lack the rosette, instead having five to eight stem leaves. A similar species, Pterostylis melagramma has paler green flowers which have a less hairy labellum.

Flowering stem of P. longifolia
Labelled image of P. longifolia

Tall greenhood
Pterostylis longifolia growing near Ebor
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Cranichideae
Genus: Pterostylis
Species:
P. longifolia
Binomial name
Pterostylis longifolia
Synonyms[1]

Description

Pterostylis longifolia, is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of between three and six, linear to lance-shaped leaves, each leaf 10–40 mm (0.4–2 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide. Flowering plants have up to seven green, partly transparent flowers on a flowering spike 150–400 mm (6–20 in) high. The flowering spike has between five and eight stem leaves which are 30–90 mm (1–4 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide. The flowers are 12–14 mm (0.5–0.6 in) long, 6–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. The lateral sepals turn downwards and have a tapering tip, 10–12 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long, 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. The labellum is about 5 mm (0.2 in) long, 3 mm (0.1 in) wide, pale green and hairy with a dark stripe along its mid-line. Flowering occurs from April to September.[2][3]

Taxonomy and naming

Pterostylis longifolia was first formally described in 1880 by Robert Brown and the description was published in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen.[1][4] The specific epithet (longifolia) is derived from the Latin words longus meaning "long"[5]:494 and folia meaning "leaves".[5]:466

Distribution and habitat

Pterostylis longifolia occurs in New South Wales and southern Queensland on the coast and tablelands, growing in forest and coastal scrub.[2][3]

References
  1. "Pterostylis longifolia". APNI. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  2. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 316. ISBN 978-1877069123.
  3. Jones, David L. "Pterostylis longifolia". Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  4. Brown, Robert (1810). Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae. London. p. 327. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  5. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
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