Ringed woodpecker

The ringed woodpecker (Celeus torquatus) is a species of bird in the family Picidae that contains the woodpeckers, piculets, and wrynecks. It is found in northern Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and western Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical swamps.[1]

Ringed woodpecker
A male ringed woopecker at Vale Natural Reserve, Linhares, Espirito Santo state, Brazil
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Piciformes
Family: Picidae
Genus: Celeus
Species:
C. torquatus
Binomial name
Celeus torquatus
(Boddaert, 1783)

Taxonomy

The ringed woodpecker was described by the French polymath Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in 1780 in his Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux from a specimen collected in Cayenne, French Guiana.[2] The bird was also illustrated in a hand-coloured plate engraved by François-Nicolas Martinet in the Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle, which was produced under the supervision of Edme-Louis Daubenton to accompany Buffon's text.[3] Neither the plate caption nor Buffon's description included a scientific name, but in 1783 the Dutch naturalist Pieter Boddaert coined the binomial name Picus torquatus in his catalogue of the Planches Enluminées.[4] The ringed woodpecker is now placed in the genus Celeus that was introduced by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie in 1831.[5][6] The generic name is from the Ancient Greek word keleos for a "green woodpecker". The specific epithet torquatus is the Latin for "collared".[7]

Three subspecies are recognised:[6]

  • C. t. torquatus (Boddaert, 1783) – eastern Venezuela, the Guianas and northeastern Brazil
  • C. t. occidentalis (Hargitt, 1889) – southeastern Colombia, Amazonian Brazil and northern Bolivia
  • C. t. tinnunculus (Wagler, 1829) – eastern Brazil

The online edition of the Handbook of the Birds of the World has split the ringed woodpecker and created the Amazonian black-breasted woodpecker (Celeus occidentalis) and the Atlantic black-breasted woodpecker (Celeus tinnunculus). Neither split was supported by the results of molecular genetic studies.[8][9]

Description

The adult ringed woodpecker has a length of about 27 cm (11 in). The head is crowned by a brown, shaggy tuft. The male has bright red cheeks, which the female lacks, but otherwise the sexes are similar. The head, neck and throat are cinnamon-brown and the upper parts of the body and wings are chestnut brown, variously streaked or barred with black. Both the tail and the upper breast are black, while the lower breast and belly are barred in black and white, or are cinnamon, depending on subspecies. The eye is chestnut brown, the beak grey or yellowish and the legs grey.[10]

References
  1. BirdLife International (2012). "Celeus torquatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  2. Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de (1780). "Le pic a cravate noire". Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux (in French). Volume 13. Paris: De L'Imprimerie Royale. pp. 53–54.
  3. Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de; Martinet, François-Nicolas; Daubenton, Edme-Louis; Daubenton, Louis-Jean-Marie (1765–1783). "Pic à cravate noire, de Cayenne". Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle. Volume 9. Paris: De L'Imprimerie Royale. Plate 863.
  4. Boddaert, Pieter (1783). Table des planches enluminéez d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton : avec les denominations de M.M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnaeus et Latham, precedé d'une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés (in French). Utrecht. p. 52, Number 863.
  5. Boie, Friedrich (1831). "Bemerkungen über Species und einige ornithologische Familien und Sippen". Isis von Oken (in German). Cols 538–548 [542].
  6. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Woodpeckers". World Bird List Version 9.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
  7. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 96, 388. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  8. del Hoyo, J.; Collar, N.; Sharpe, C.J.; Christie, D.A. (2019). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). "Amazonian Black-breasted Woodpecker (Celeus occidentalis)". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
  9. del Hoyo, J.; Collar, N.; Sharpe, C.J.; Christie, D.A. (2019). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). "Atlantic Black-breasted Woodpecker (Celeus tinnunculus)". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
  10. Gorman, Gerard (2014). Woodpeckers of the World: A Photographic Guide. Firefly Books. pp. 382–383. ISBN 177085309X.


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