River Box
The River Box is a small river, 14 miles (23 km) in length, that flows through Suffolk, England. It is a tributary of the River Stour.[1][2]
| River Box | |
|---|---|
 River Box near Scotland Street | |
| Location | |
| Country | England |
| Counties | Suffolk |
| Villages | Boxford |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Humble Green, Suffolk |
| • coordinates | 52.0836°N 0.8114°E |
| Mouth | |
• location | Higham, Suffolk |
• coordinates | 51.975°N 0.953°E |
| Length | 23 km (14 mi) |
| Basin size | 67 km2 (26 sq mi) |
| Discharge | |
| • location | Polstead |
| • average | 0.22 m3/s (7.8 cu ft/s) |
| • maximum | 10 m3/s (350 cu ft/s) |
| Progression : River Box—Stour—North Sea | |
Toponomy
The present name is a back-formation from Boxford. A previous name Amalburna is found in an Old English text dated after 991, published in the Cartularium Saxonicum (p. 1289). Eilert Ekwall discusses various possible roots, including the British (i.e. pre-English) root ambro meaning "water".[3]
Course
The river rises to the north of Little Waldingfield, near to where two other small streams also rise, which converge with the Box at Upsher Green.[1]
From this point the river flows south-east, past Edwardstone towards the large village of Boxford, where it is crossed by the A1071. The river then continues in the same direction and passes a number of villages and hamlets, which are suffixed by the name street. These include Stone Street and to the south of Polstead, Mill Street. The river then passes Scotland Street before reaching the village of Thorington Street, and Thorington Hall. It continues flowing southeast to meet the Stour, between Langham and Higham, which is also close to the confluence of the River Brett and Stour.[1]
Hydrology
Since 1960 the flow of the River Box, has been measured in its middle reaches at a flume near Polstead. The fifty four year record shows that the catchment of 54 square kilometres (21 sq mi) to the gauging station yields an average flow of 0.22 cubic metres per second (7.8 cu ft/s).[4] The highest river level recorded was in January 1998 with a height of 1.25 metres (4 ft 1 in) through the flume, which was estimated to have a flow of 10 cubic metres per second (350 cu ft/s).[5]
The catchment upstream of the gauging station has an average annual rainfall of 566 millimetres (22.3 in) and a maximum altitude of 83.6 metres (274 ft). Land use is mostly rural, consisting of arable farming.[6]
The River Box has been classed as having moderate ecological quality under the Water Framework Directive. This is the middle band in the five part framework scale, which ranges from high, good, and moderate, through to poor and finally bad.[1]
References
- "River Box". Catchment Data Explorer. Environment Agency. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- "River Box and River Brett". The Stour from Source to Sea, and tributaries. The Foxearth and District Local History Society. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- Eilert Ekwall (1928). English River Names. OUP. p. 11.
- "36003 - Box at Polstead Daily Flow Data". National Rivers Flow Archive. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
- "36003 - Box at Polstead Peak Flow Data". National Rivers Flow Archive. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
- "36003 - Box at Polstead Spatial data". National Rivers Flow Archive. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
External links
Media related to River Box at Wikimedia Commons