Ron Porambo

When he was 27, Porambo met 19-year-old Carol Scott, a black woman with a seven-month-old daughter named Glenna. Interracial marriage was illegal in Tennessee, but that did not deter the two from dating. Six months after meeting Carol, Porambo proposed. Porambo's parents opposed the marriage, and the couple moved to Albany, where they could get legally married. Porambo also adopted Glenna as his own daughter.[2] The marriage was unusual enough that The New York Times included it in the headline of a 1972 profile of Porambo.[4] The couple lived in many places as Porambo moved from job to job, but in the late 1960s and early 1970s, when Porambo held jobs at the Newark Star-Ledger and the Elizabeth Daily Journal, they lived in Newark.[1] Porambo and Carol had two more children together, and they lived in a house in the Weequahic neighborhood of Newark, a middle-class, mostly black area.[2]

In later life, Porambo became bitter due to his disillusionment with journalism and the impact of his works, leading him to become physically and emotionally abusive. When Porambo was arrested for a botched armed robbery in Toronto, his family moved back to Newark while he served his sentence.[2]

In 1967, racial tensions across the United States boiled over into what came to be known as the long, hot summer of 1967. Black residents took to the streets to protest police brutality, segregation, housing discrimination, and other injustices. White flight to the suburbs during the 1950s had led to the inner city populace of Newark being mostly black and impoverished. Newark retained its white-majority leadership, however, which created a situation rife with exploitation and corruption.[2]

On July 12, 1967, a black middle-aged man named John Smith flashed the high beams of his cab and drove around a police cruiser that was blocking his lane, after which the police promptly pulled him over and arrested him. Smith was beaten severely, and residents of the Hayes Homes project across the street from the station saw it happen. This sparked angry looting throughout the night, and police director Dominick Spina advised his officers to allow the events to unfold without interference. This was a mistake, however, and the violence stretched on for days. When mayor Hugh Addonizio called in state troopers and the National Guard, he said in dismay to an arriving officer, “It’s all gone, the whole town is gone.”[2]

After 5 days of riots, 13,319 rounds of ammunition were fired in what authorities described as a peacekeeping effort. The violence had led to the death a cop, a fireman, and 21 civilians, all shot by police or guardsmen. The authorities denied that the riots were caused by poverty, racism, and state-sanctioned violence, instead claiming the unrest was due to communist agitators, paid protestors, and criminal thugs. Porambo rejected these whitewashed version of the events.[2]

Six months after the riots, Porambo joined the Daily Journal in the town of Elizabeth. There, he focused his works on profiles of black residents and first-hand accounts of the unrest. Porambo covered a meeting of the Newark Human Rights Commission, a community group that advocated for police reform. He listened as many witnesses detailed the injustices perpetuated by the governor, the mayor, cops, and public prosecutors, and Porambo resolved to expose it to the greater public.[2]

Porambo began frequenting bars and pool halls, telling regulars that he wanted to tell the real story about what happened in July 1967. He began collecting accounts, which often contradicted the stories told by authorities, that he published in a series in the Daily Journal.[2]

The New York publishing house Holt, Rinehart, and Winston heard of Porambo's series on the riots and offered him a $7,500 advance to expand his investigation into a book. Porambo eagerly jumped on the opportunity.[2] His 15-part series in the Daily Journal became the basis for the book, which was published in 1971.[6]

The book was divided up into 6 sections, each dedicated to major events precipitating the start of the riots. Porambo told the stories of the 26 people killed, using first-hand accounts that often contradicted official news reports released by law enforcement or the local media.[6] Porambo described how the killings were brought before grand juries after the riots, only for the court to rule, "Due to insufficient evidence of any criminal misconduct, the jury found no cause for indictment.”[2]

When the book was published, Porambo became a household name in Newark. By January, publisher Holt, Rinehart and Winston had nearly sold out of the 7,500 copies of the first edition, and the book received positive reviews from The Village Voice and The New York Review of Books.[6] A review in The New Yorker called it "probably the most moving and instructive book yet written on any of the bloody civil disturbances of the sixties."[1][2][3][4] The book drew anger from the police department and the Italian-American community of Newark's North Ward, and it revealed the deeply embedded racism and graft present in both.[6] However, no one demanded retractions or sued.[2]

Shortly after the book was published, on December 7, seven shots were fired at Porambo from a dark sedan. On January 13, an unknown white assailant shot Porambo twice in the thigh as Porambo got into his car outside of Tony's Tavern on South Ninth Street. Newark Police Captain Rocco Paradiso was quick to write off both incidents as a publicity stunt by Porambo's publisher.[3][6] After the shooting, the publisher took the opportunity to purchase an advertisement in The New York Times that proclaimed "THEY TRIED TO MURDER THE AUTHOR."[2][5]

Porambo was later quoted saying, “The book was written for the sole purpose of getting a job, not to make money,” in the February 4, 1972, issue of The New York Times.[6]

On April 10, 1983, Porambo worked with a team of criminals to rob a cocaine dealer Sidney Davis. As Davis was held at gunpoint in the living room, Larry Page, one of the accomplices, searched the apartment. Page came across Davis' girlfriend and raped her before bringing her to the rest of the team and demanded that Porambo shoot them both. Assuming this would be their last moments, Davis and his girlfriend attacked the assailants, and in the ensuing scuffle a shot was fired. The police found Davis bleeding from a chest gunshot wound, and he identified his shooter as a white man. Davis died within the hour, and police found a black wig, a blue fireman's hat, and a silver .32-caliber revolver with two spent cartridges at the scene.[2][7]

Porambo disappeared for a few weeks, staying in southern New Jersey. He lived in fear that Davis' associates would come looking for him. However, Porambo soon returned to robbery. One month after the murder, Porambo robbed a major drug dealer named David Williams in a bold home invasion. Porambo turned over some of Williams' stolen jewelry to a dealer, who, realizing Williams would make a powerful enemy, contacted Williams to tell him how the robbery occurred.[2]

On May 19, 1983, as Porambo waited in his car to meet a friend, a man approached his vehicle and shot him in the head with a .38-caliber handgun. Three bullets penetrated Porambo's skull, while another hit his left leg. Porambo fell forward onto the car horn, possibly startling the assailant away. A rag was later found stuffed in the car's gas tank, indicating an additional plan to set the car on fire with Porambo still inside. A 16-year-old girl who had witnessed the incident ran to call the police, and by the time they had arrived, Porambo was unconscious. He was taken to a hospital where doctors performed surgery to save his life. They were unable to remove one of the bullets from his brain, leaving Porambo with permanent speech and motor deficiencies. Porambo couldn't remember the man who shot him, but he remained in police custody while in the hospital as he had become the prime suspect in the Davis murder investigation.[2]

Just before the attempt on his life, one of the four accomplices in the Davis murder was also shot dead. The remaining two had given statements to the police implicating Porambo in multiple crimes in order to protect themselves. Porambo remained a prolific writer while awaiting trial, writing so many letters to Richard Newman, the judge overseeing his case, that Newman recused himself after prosecutors voiced complaints that Porambo's extensive contact might influence the trial.[2]

The trial began in July 1984. The prosecution focused on two letters written by Porambo that implicated himself in the murder. The police responding to the attack on Porambo also found a bag containing wigs, fake badges, and two loaded pistols. Porambo's defense relied on demonstrating the weakness of the circumstantial evidence. The defense lawyer also claimed that the charges were an attempt to silence Porambo in retaliation for No Cause for Indictment.[2]

On October 2, 1984, a jury of 8 women and 4 men found Porambo guilty, and he was sentenced to 30 years to life.[2] He was convicted on charges of felony murder, conspiracy to commit robbery, two counts of armed robbery, burglary, and possession of a firearm for an unlawful purpose. The jury acquitted him of charges of aggravated sexual assault and purposeful or knowing murder.[7] Prosecutor Al Constants said he never recalled Porambo expressing remorse for robbing or murdering Davis, commenting, "He [Porambo] thought he was on some kind of high road."[3]