S&DJR 7F 2-8-0

The Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway (S&DJR) 7F 2-8-0 is a class of steam locomotive designed for hauling heavy coal and goods trains. Eleven were built in two batches in 1914 and 1925, and were used until withdrawal between 1959 and 1964. Two are preserved.

S&DJR 7F 2-8-0
LMS 13809, a preserved 7F locomotive, working the Hellifield to Carnforth leg of a Cumbrian Mountain Pullman in 1983
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
DesignerHenry Fowler
Builder
Serial numberRS: 3892–3896
Build date1914 (6), 1925 (5)
Total produced11
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte2-8-0
 • UIC1′D h2
Gauge4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Driver dia.4 ft 7 1⁄2 in (1,410 mm)
Minimum curve6 chains (400 ft; 120 m) normal
4.5 chains (300 ft; 91 m) dead slow
Length58 ft 10 1⁄8 in (17.936 m)[1]
Width8 ft 11 7⁄8 in (2.740 m)[1]
Height13 ft 3 in (4.04 m)[1]
Axle load16 long tons 0 cwt (35,800 lb or 16.3 t)[1]
Adhesive weight56 long tons 0 cwt (125,400 lb or 56.9 t)
56.9 t; 62.7 short tons
Loco weight64 long tons 15 cwt (145,000 lb or 65.8 t)
65.8 t; 72.5 short tons
Tender weight42 long tons 14 cwt (95,600 lb or 43.4 t)
43.4 t; 47.8 short tons
Fuel typeCoal
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area		28.4 sq ft (2.64 m2)
BoilerG9AS or G9BS
Boiler pressure190 lbf/in2 (1.31 MPa)
Heating surfaceG9AS: 1,681 sq ft (156.2 m2)
G9BS: 1,845 sq ft (171.4 m2)
(both include superheater)
CylindersTwo, outside
Cylinder size21 in × 28 in (533 mm × 711 mm)
Valve gearWalschaerts
Valve typeOutside admission piston valves
Loco brakeSteam
Train brakesVacuum
Performance figures
Tractive effort35,295 lbf (157.00 kN)
Factor of adh.3.5
Career
Operators
Power class
  • SDJR: 5P/5G
  • LMS: 7F
Numbers
  • S&DJR: 80–90
  • LMS: 9670–9680
  • later 13800–13810
  • BR: 53800–53810
Withdrawn1959–1964
DispositionTwo preserved, nine scrapped
53809, at Green Park Station (now a car park) in Bath, 6 March 2006.
No. 53809 crosses the Butterley Reservoir causeway on the Midland Railway - Butterley

Background

The Midland Railway, joint owners of the S&DJR with the London and South Western Railway (L&SWR), were in charge of locomotive policy on the line. The S&DJR was heavily graded and required power over and above what was available from the Midland's small engines. M. H. Ryan, S&DJR locomotive superintendent argued for a type specific to the line.

Two plans for 0-8-0s were suggested in 1907 but would have been too heavy. Clearly a special exception to the small engine policy, James Clayton the draughtsman at Derby was given a free hand to design the engine, and produced something unlike any other Derby-designed locomotive of the time.

Design

The design used the G9AS boiler from the Midland Compounds, with a Belpaire firebox and Walschaerts valve gear. A leading pony truck was added, to distribute the weight, making it a 2-8-0. The cylinders were mounted high on the frame, and sloped, to avoid fouling platforms. Because of the gradients that the loco would face, Clayton provided three steam brake cylinders on the engine and a further one on the tender. In service, the cast iron brake blocks originally fitted wore very quickly, and Ferodo blocks were substituted.[2] The Derby standard axle boxes were fitted, so the engines were still subject to the hot boxes that were a fact of life on the Midland. As the locomotives were initially too large for some of the turntables, it was envisaged that they would spend half their time travelling in reverse. Consequently, they were fitted with tablet exchanging apparatus on both sides of the locomotive. In addition, the first six were equipped with cab tenders, but these were later removed circa 1920.[3] The 1914-built locomotives were right-hand drive, while the 1925-built were left-hand drive. In all cases the vacuum brake ejector was located on the driver's side of the smokebox.

Construction

Six were built in 1914 and numbered 80–85 by the S&DJR. In 1925 an additional 5 were ordered from Robert Stephenson and Company in Darlington and built with the larger G9BS boilers, becoming numbers 86–90. Two locomotives, 9679 (ex-89) and 9680 (ex-90) received the smaller G9AS boiler in 1930, while the remaining three retained the larger boiler until it was replaced in the 1950s – 53808 in 1953; 53807 in 1954; and 53806 in 1955. These locomotives gained a packing piece between the smaller boiler and original smokebox saddle. The exception was 53807, the smokebox saddle being rotten and replaced with a one-piece unit like the 1914-built locomotives. This locomotive was therefore unique, as only left-hand drive locomotive with a one piece smokebox saddle.

S&DJR No.LMS No.1LMS No.2BR No.BuilderWhen builtWithdrawnNotes
8096701380053800Midland RailwayFebruary 1914June 1959First to be withdrawn
8196711380153801Midland RailwayMarch 1914July 1961
8296721380253802Midland RailwayMarch 1914March 1960
8396731380353803Midland RailwayApril 1914February 1962
8496741380453804Midland RailwayApril 1914February 1962
8596751380553805Midland RailwayAugust 1914March 1961
8696761380653806Robert Stephenson & CoJuly 1925January 1964
8796771380753807Robert Stephenson & CoJuly 1925September 1964Last to be withdrawn
8896781380853808Robert Stephenson & CoJuly 1925March 1964Preserved
8996791380953809Robert Stephenson & CoJuly 1925June 1964Preserved
9096801381053810Robert Stephenson & CoAugust 1925December 1963

Accidents and incidents

On 20 November 1929, locomotive No. 89 (later 53809) was taking a freight train north towards Bath. Travelling through Combe Down Tunnel at slow speed (due to the weight of the train, and the intended stop at Midford) the locomotive crew were overcome by smoke, resulting in the train running away down the hill and crashing in the goods yard outside Bath Green Park. The driver, Henry Jennings, and two shunters in the yard, were all killed in the accident.

East Midlands trials

The success of the class on the Mendip hills prompted the Midland Railway to experiment with their use on the East Midlands coal trains, but they were less satisfactory in this role. The route did not utilise their design for climbing hills, and there were issues of fuel efficiency, with considerable amounts of high quality coal consumed.[4]

Later life

The S&DJR locos were taken into London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) stock in 1930, and renumbered 9670–9680. They were renumbered as 13800–13810 in 1932. On nationalisation in 1948 British Railways (BR) added 40000 to their numbers making them 53800–53810.

Withdrawals of the 1914-built locomotives occurred between 1959 and 1962 and the five 1925-built engines were all withdrawn between 1963 and 1964.

Table of withdrawals
YearNumber in
service at
start of year		Number
withdrawn		Locomotive numbers
195911153800
196010153802
19619253801/05
19627253803–04
19635153810
19644453806–09

Preservation

Two of the 1925-built locomotives have survived, these being No. 88 (9678/13808/53808) and No. 89 (9679/13809/53809).

53808

No.88/53808 is owned by the Somerset & Dorset Railway Trust (SDRT), based on the Mid-Hants Railway. Purchased for preservation in 1969, it returned to service following restoration at the West Somerset Railway in August 1987 in BR Black (with the Early Crest), and ran up to Spring 1996 when it was withdrawn for overhaul, during which time it only made one visit away from the WSR, to the Severn Valley Railway in September 1995. After overhaul it returned to service in December 2005 in S&DJR blue livery, which it never carried in service. Again based at the WSR it made three return visits to the SVR in March 2007, March 2008 and September 2014, as well as first time visits to the Mid-Hants Railway in September 2010, and the Great Central Railway in October 2011, before being withdrawn for overhaul in October 2014. This second overhaul was completed in February 2016, with the engine being repainted back into BR black (with the Late Crest) and the number 53808. As of autumn 2020 the locomotive is now based at the Mid-Hants Railway for the remainder of the boiler ticket.

53809

No.89/53809 is owned by John Moorhouse and operated by the 13809 Preservation Society Ltd. Following restoration at Swanwick in 1980 in LMS livery as 13809, it worked through the 1980s and early 1990s, reverting to its BR Number 53809 in 1987 (with the Early Crest), before being withdrawn for overhaul in 1994. During this time, it visited the SVR in 1987, and the East Lancashire Railway in 1993 alongside working at Butterley, and even worked on the mainline for a period. The locomotive emerged in January 2006 in BR Black Livery as No. 53809 (with the Late Crest), entering service in early February at the Midland Railway - Butterley. Shortly after this overhaul was finished, the loco made a poignant return to the site of Bath Green Park Station (now a car park for Sainsbury's) in March 2006, to celebrate 40 years since the S&D closed, after which it was reunited with No. 88 at the WSR. The locomotive then ran for 5 years before it was withdrawn from service early in 2011, requiring boiler repairs. During the five years it ran, it made first time visits to the Nene Valley Railway and the Bluebell Railway in 2008, as well as several stays at the North Yorkshire Moors Railway during 2006, 2007, 2009 and 2010. The engine's second overhaul was completed in February 2016, keeping its previous BR livery with the Post 1956 Crest. As in 2006, the engine's first call of duty was at the WSR alongside No. 88 again, this time marking 50 years since the S&D closed, and then remained there. In January 2018 it departed to the North Norfolk Railway on a long term operational contract.

References
  1. Haresnape 1981, p. 24.
  2. Peter Smith "Mendips Engineman" 1972 OPC
  3. Nock 1985, p. 162
  4. Herring, P., (2000) Classic British Steam Locomotives Leicester: Abbeydale Press
  • Haresnape, Brian (February 1981) [1972]. Fowler Locomotives: A Pictorial History. Shepperton: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0374-2. CX/0281.
  • Nock, O. S., Chapter 9 "Locomotives" in Atthill, Robin (1985). The Somerset and Dorset Railway. Newton Abbot: David and Charles. ISBN 0-7153-8692-1.
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