Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein

Schleswig (UK: /ˈʃlɛsvɪɡ/, US: /-wɪɡ, -wɪk, -vɪk, ˈʃleɪsvɪk/,[2][3][4][5] German: [ˈʃleːsvɪç]; Danish: Slesvig; South Jutlandic: Sljasvig; Low German: Sleswig; archaic English: Sleswick) is a town in the northeastern part of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is the capital of the Kreis (district) Schleswig-Flensburg. It has a population of about 27,000, the main industries being leather and food processing. It takes its name from the Schlei, an inlet of the Baltic sea at the end of which it sits, and vik or vig which means "bay" in Old Norse and Danish. Schleswig or Slesvig therefore means "bay of the Schlei".

Schleswig

Slesvig  (Danish)
St. Peter's Cathedral
Coat of arms
Location of Schleswig within Schleswig-Flensburg district
Schleswig
Schleswig
Coordinates: 54°31′05″N 9°34′13″E
CountryGermany
StateSchleswig-Holstein
DistrictSchleswig-Flensburg
Government
 • MayorArthur Christiansen
Area
 • Total24.3 km2 (9.4 sq mi)
Elevation
1 m (3 ft)
Population
 (2019-12-31)[1]
 • Total25,416
 • Density1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
24837
Dialling codes04621
Vehicle registrationSL
Websitewww.schleswig.de

Geography
Map of Schleswig / Slesvig

The city lies at the western end of the Schlei Förde, which separates the two peninsulas of Angeln and Schwansen, and is on the western edge of the Schleswig-Holstein Uplands on the transition to the Geest country. The urban area ranges from 0 to 20 m (66 ft) above sea level. Brautsee (lake) is in the town.

The nearest major cities are Flensburg, Husum and Kiel. Autobahn 7 runs immediately west of the city. Highways 76 and 77 end in Schleswig and B 201 runs to the north of the town. Schleswig station is a stop for InterCity and Intercity-Express trains and is on the Hamburg–Neumünster–Flensburg and Husum–Kiel lines.

Climate

The climate is oceanic (Köppen: Cfb), humid and mild with a slight continental influence.[6] The annual mean temperature is 8 °C and precipitation averages 925 mm.[7]

Climate data for Schleswig (Ratsteich), elevation: 48 m, 1961-1990 normals and extremes
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 11.7
(53.1)		 14.3
(57.7)		 20.2
(68.4)		 25.7
(78.3)		 27.6
(81.7)		 30.5
(86.9)		 31.1
(88.0)		 32.0
(89.6)		 29.3
(84.7)		 23.9
(75.0)		 17.8
(64.0)		 13.7
(56.7)		 32.0
(89.6)
Average high °C (°F) 2.2
(36.0)		 2.9
(37.2)		 5.8
(42.4)		 10.4
(50.7)		 15.5
(59.9)		 19.0
(66.2)		 20.1
(68.2)		 20.4
(68.7)		 17.0
(62.6)		 12.6
(54.7)		 7.2
(45.0)		 3.6
(38.5)		 11.4
(52.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.3
(32.5)		 0.6
(33.1)		 2.8
(37.0)		 6.2
(43.2)		 11.0
(51.8)		 14.6
(58.3)		 15.8
(60.4)		 15.8
(60.4)		 13.0
(55.4)		 9.4
(48.9)		 4.9
(40.8)		 1.7
(35.1)		 8.0
(46.4)
Average low °C (°F) −2.0
(28.4)		 −1.7
(28.9)		 0.3
(32.5)		 2.6
(36.7)		 6.8
(44.2)		 10.2
(50.4)		 11.9
(53.4)		 11.9
(53.4)		 9.6
(49.3)		 6.6
(43.9)		 2.6
(36.7)		 −0.6
(30.9)		 4.9
(40.7)
Record low °C (°F) −16.6
(2.1)		 −18.0
(−0.4)		 −13.7
(7.3)		 −4.4
(24.1)		 −1.1
(30.0)		 2.2
(36.0)		 5.6
(42.1)		 6.0
(42.8)		 2.3
(36.1)		 −2.4
(27.7)		 −11.5
(11.3)		 −18.1
(−0.6)		 −18.1
(−0.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 79.0
(3.11)		 50.0
(1.97)		 61.0
(2.40)		 55.0
(2.17)		 61.0
(2.40)		 71.0
(2.80)		 92.0
(3.62)		 87.0
(3.43)		 86.0
(3.39)		 90.0
(3.54)		 105.0
(4.13)		 88.0
(3.46)		 925
(36.42)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 13.0 10.0 12.0 10.0 9.0 10.0 12.0 11.0 11.0 12.0 15.0 13.0 138
Mean monthly sunshine hours 41.6 67.2 103.4 167.7 225.8 230.5 213.3 215.4 144.8 97.8 50.8 39.9 1,598.2
Source: NOAA[7]

History
Schleswig in 1600

The Viking settlement of Hedeby, located south of the modern town, was first mentioned in 804. It was a powerful settlement in the Baltic region, dominating the area for more than 200 years. In 1050, following several destructions, the population was moved to the opposite shore of the Schlei, becoming the city of Schleswig. In 1066 Hedeby was finally destroyed, and Schleswig remained as a part of the Danish kingdom.

In 1544, Gottorf Castle became the residence of the local rulers. The dukes of Gottorf were vassals of the Danish kings and ruled over much of present-day Schleswig-Holstein. In 1721, when the Great Northern War ended, the dukes of Gottorf lost their power and their land became Danish crown land. After the Second Schleswig War (1864), Schleswig was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia.


Neuwerk garden with the Globushaus and Gottorf Castle in the background

Sights

Notable residents
Princess Louise Caroline
Herman Wilhelm Bissen
Bernhard-Hermann Ramcke
Ralf Rothmann
Jan Ingwer Callsen-Bracker

Up to 1850

1850 to date

Sports

References
  1. "Statistikamt Nord – Bevölkerung der Gemeinden in Schleswig-Holstein 4. Quartal 2019 (XLS-file)". Statistisches Amt für Hamburg und Schleswig-Holstein (in German).
  2. "Schleswig". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
  3. "Schleswig". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
  4. "Schleswig" (US) and "Schleswig". Oxford Dictionaries UK Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
  5. "Schleswig". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
  6. "Schleswig, Germany Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  7. "Schleswig (10035) - WMO Weather Station". NOAA. Retrieved January 28, 2019. Archived January 28, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
  8. "Climate Statistics for Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany". Retrieved August 20, 2012.
  9. "Christian III." . Encyclopædia Britannica. 06 (11th ed.). 1911.
  10. "Calixtus, Georg" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 05 (11th ed.). 1911.
  11. "Adolphus Frederick" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 01 (11th ed.). 1911.
  12. "Carstens, Armus Jacob" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 05 (11th ed.). 1911.
  13. The Dictionary of Australasian Biography, Krichauff, Hon. Friedrich Edouard Heinrich Wulf retrieved 23 March 2018
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