Sentetsu Pashiko-class locomotive

The Pashiko class (パシコ) locomotives were a group of steam tender locomotives of the Chosen Government Railway (Sentetsu) with 4-6-2 wheel arrangement. The "Pashi" name came from the American naming system for steam locomotives, under which locomotives with 4-6-2 wheel arrangement were called "Pacific".

Chosen Government Railway Pashiko class (パシコ)
Korean National Railroad Pasi5 class (바시5)
Korean State Railway Pasio class (바시오)
Sentetsu Pashiko class locomotives パシコ7 and パシコ13
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
BuilderGyeongseong Works, Kawasaki
Build date1939 Gyeongseong (2)
1940–1944 Kawasaki (40)
Total produced40
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte4-6-2
Gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Driver dia.1,850 mm (73 in)
Length23,756 mm (77 ft 11.3 in)
Width3,170 mm (10 ft 5 in)
Height4,700 mm (15 ft 5 in)
Loco weight112.00 t (110.23 long tons)
Tender weight84.00 t (82.67 long tons)
Fuel capacity14.0 t (13.8 long tons)
Water cap35,000 L (9,200 US gal)
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area		6.20 m2 (66.7 sq ft)
Boiler:
​
 • Small tubes75 x 51 mm (2.0 in)
 • Large tubes120 x 90 mm (3.5 in)
Boiler pressure15.0 kgf/cm2 (213 psi)
Heating surface280.00 m2 (3,013.9 sq ft)
 • Tubes252.60 m2 (2,719.0 sq ft)
 • Firebox27.40 m2 (294.9 sq ft)
Superheater:
​
 • Heating area113.70 m2 (1,223.9 sq ft)
Cylinders2
Cylinder size580 mm × 660 mm (23 in × 26 in)
Valve gearWalschaerts
Performance figures
Maximum speed110 km/h (68 mph)
Tractive effort162.0 kN (36,400 lbf)
Career
OperatorsChosen Government Railway
Korean National Railroad
Korean State Railway
ClassSentetsu: パシコ
KNR: 바시5
KSR: 바시오
Number in classSentetsu: 42
NumbersSentetsu: パシコ1–パシコ42
Delivered1939–1944

In all, Sentetsu owned 144 locomotives of all Pashi classes, of which 141 survived the war; of these, 73 went to the Korean National Railroad in South Korea and 68 to the Korean State Railway in North Korea.[1]

Description
KNR Pasi5-23 on display at the Korean Railway Museum.

Sentetsu designed the Pashiko class as a successor to the Pashishi class, with the first example, パシコ1, being delivered from Sentetsu's Gyeongseong Works in October 1939, and the second following a month later. They were not only the largest of all Sentetsu passenger locomotives in size, but at 159.8 t (157.3 long tons) they were the heaviest of all Sentetsu locomotives of any type, and with a maximum speed of 110 km/h (68 mph) they were the fastest as well.[2]

Like the Matei class, which was the largest of all Sentetsu's freight locomotives, the Pashiko class had a firegrate area of 6.2 m2 (67 sq ft), and like the Pashishi and its related classes, it was designed to use lignite abundant in Korea, which is less efficient than anthracite and thus requires a large heating area, and featured a combustion chamber firebox and a conical boiler. Unlike the other Pashi classes, which had drivers of 1,750 mm (69 in) diameter, the Pashiko had even larger drivers of 1,850 mm (73 in).[2]

Timeline of Pashiko production for Sentetsu
YearRunning NumberBuilderTotal
Oct 1939パシコ1Gyeongseong1
Nov 1939パシコ2Gyeongseong2
1940パシコ3–パシシ12Kawasaki10
1941パシコ13–パシシ22Kawasaki10
1942パシコ23–パシシ35Kawasaki13
1943パシコ36–パシシ40Kawasaki5
1944パシコ41–パシシ42Kawasaki2
Builder
totals		Gyeongseong2
Kawasaki40
Total42

Postwar

After the Liberation and partition of Korea, they were divided between North and South, but the specifics of which engine went where are unclear.

Korean National Railroad 파시5 (Pasi5) class

At least eighteen Pashiko class engines went south to the Korean National Railroad, where they became 파시5 (Pasi5) class, and they were widely used on passenger trains until at least 1967.[3] 파시5-5 was partially streamlined and given a special livery of black with white and red trim in the mid-1950s by the US Army Transportation Corps railway crews.[4]

Known KNR 파시5-class locomotives
KNR numberSentetsu numberBuilderYearNotes
파시5-1パシコ1Gyeongseong1939
파시5-2パシコ2Gyeongseong1939
파시5-3パシコ3Kawasaki1940
파시5-4パシコ4Kawasaki1940
파시5-5パシコ5Kawasaki1940Semi-streamlined by USATC crews after the Korean War.
파시5-11パシコ11Kawasaki1940
파시5-12パシコ12Kawasaki1940Derelict by 1953.
파시5-16パシコ16Kawasaki1941
파시5-18パシコ18Kawasaki1941
파시5-19パシコ19Kawasaki1941
파시5-20パシコ20Kawasaki1941
파시5-21パシコ21Kawasaki1941
파시5-23パシコ23Kawasaki1942Works number 2649. Preserved at the Korean Railway Museum.
파시5-24パシコ24Kawasaki1942
파시5-26パシコ26Kawasaki1942
파시5-30パシコ30Kawasaki1942
파시5-31パシコ31Kawasaki1942
파시5-37パシコ37Kawasaki1943Still in service in 1968.
파시5-38パシコ38Kawasaki1943

Korean State Railway 바시오 (Pasio) class

The locomotives taken over by the Korean State Railway were initially designated 바시오 (Pasio) class. The total number, their service lives and subsequent fates are unknown, but they were probably retired by the end of the 1960s.

References
  1. "North and South Korea Steam Locomotives". 20 April 2004. Archived from the original on 20 April 2004.CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  2. Byeon, Seong-u (1999). 한국철도차량 100년사 [Korean Railways Rolling Stock Centennial] (in Korean). Seoul: Korea Rolling Stock Technical Corp.
  3. "Korean R Gaddie photos". donsdepot.donrossgroup.net.
  4. "Korean National RR Pacee-5 4-6-2". donsdepot.donrossgroup.net.
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