Serbian Renewal Movement

The Serbian Renewal Movement (Serbian: Српски покрет обнове, romanized: Srpski pokret obnove; abbr. СПО or SPO) is a monarchist[7] political party in Serbia.

Serbian Renewal Movement

Српски покрет обнове
Srpski pokret obnove
LeaderVuk Drašković
FoundersVuk Drašković and Vojislav Šešelj
Founded14 March 1990 (1990-03-14)
HeadquartersKnez Mihailova Street 48, Belgrade
Paramilitary wingSerbian Guard (1991–92)
Membership (2015)50,000[1]
IdeologyMonarchism[2]
Economic liberalism[3]
Pro-Europeanism[4]
Atlanticism[5]
Historical:
Serbian nationalism
National conservatism
Political positionCentre-right
Historical:
Right-wing (1990–1993)
National affiliationFor Our Children
Anthem
"Химна Српског покрета обнове"[6]
"Anthem of the Serbian Renewal Movement"
National Assembly
3 / 250
Assembly of Vojvodina
1 / 120
City Assembly of Belgrade
0 / 110
Website
www.spo.rs

History

The Serbian Renewal Movement party was founded in 1990 through the merger of Drašković's faction from the Serbian National Renewal (SNO) party and Vojislav Šešelj's Serbian Freedom Movement. Šešelj left the party in 1991 after internal quarrels and founded the Serbian Radical Party.

The Democratic Movement of Serbia was formed in May 1992 as a political alliance made up primarily of SPO, New Democracy (ND), Democratic Party of Serbia (DSS). The political alliance however broke, and was dissolved in 1993. The SPO was part of the "Together" (Zajedno) coalition in the 1996 parliamentary election which received 23.8% of the popular vote, losing to the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS). In 1997, Drašković ran twice for president but finished third in both elections. Its party won the third largest number of seats in that year's Serbian parliamentary elections. A dissident group inside the party abandoned the SPO and formed New Serbia (NS) in 1997.

In early 1999, the SPO joined the Slobodan Milošević-led government, and Drašković became a Yugoslav Deputy Prime Minister. The SPO had a place in Serbia's Rambouillet Agreement delegation and held posts such as the Yugoslav Information Ministry to show a more pro-Western face to the world in the run-up to NATO's bombing campaign in 1999 against the country. In the midst of the war, Drašković and the SPO pulled out of the government, calling on Milošević to surrender to NATO.

The SPO participated in an attempt to overthrow Milošević in 1999, which faltered after Drašković broke off his alliance with opposition leader Zoran Đinđić. This caused the anti-Milošević elements to suggest that he was working for Milošević.

Party offices in Novi Sad

In 2000 presidential and parliamentary elections in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in which Milošević lost, the Serbian Renewal Movement overestimated its strength and ran independently, outside of the vast Democratic Opposition of Serbia coalition. Vojislav Mihajlović, grandson of Chetnik commander Draža Mihajlović, was its presidential candidate. He was opposed by Vojislav Koštunica of DOS, Slobodan Milošević of the ruling SPS and Tomislav Nikolić of the Serbian Radical Party. The SPO's vote collapsed, with its traditional voters drawn by Kostunica's conservative nationalism and by the fact that he was their best hope to remove Milošević from power.

There was talk before the 5 October coup d'état of dissolving the Mirko Marjanović government in Serbia and setting up a government with the Serbian Radical Party. Following the coup, the SPO participated in a so-called national unity government that served effectively under DOS "coordinator" Zoran Đinđić. In December 2000, after two months of DOS rule, Serbian parliamentary elections were held. The SPO, once the strongest opposition, failed to enter the parliament.

In 2003, Drašković called for the re-establishment of a parliamentary monarchy in Serbia as the best means for its European integration.[8]

The party fought the December 2003 legislative elections in a coalition with New Serbia. The coalition received 7.7% of the popular vote and 22 seats in parliament. 13 of these were allocated to the SPO. In turn, the coalition had dispatched 8 deputies into the federal Assembly of Serbia and Montenegro.

SPO-NS became part of Vojislav Koštunica's first elected cabinet. Vuk Drašković was selected for Minister of Foreign Affairs.

Following a split in the party, 9 members of parliament joined the newly formed Serbian Democratic Renewal Movement leaving the SPO with only 4. One of the 4 was then bought off by the political tycoon Bogoljub Karić to form his party's list.

The SPO participated in the 2007 election independently and received 3.33% of the vote, winning no seats.

In the 2008 elections the SPO took part in the For a European Serbia coalition under President Boris Tadić, receiving 38.42% of the vote and 102 seats in parliament. Four seats were given to the SPO along with the Ministry of Diaspora portfolio.

Presidents of the Serbian Renewal Movement (1990–Present)
# President Born-Died Term start Term end
1 Vuk Drašković1946–14 March 1990Incumbent

Electoral results

Parliamentary elections
Year Popular vote % of popular vote # of seats Seat change Coalitions Status
1990 794,789 15.79%
19 / 250
 19 opposition
1992 797.831 16.89%
30 / 250
 11 DEPOS opposition
1993 715,564 16.64%
37 / 250
 7 DEPOS opposition
1997 793,988 19.18%
45 / 250
 8 opposition
2000 141,296 3.77%
0 / 250
 45 no seats
2003 293,082 7.66%
13 / 250
 13 With NS government
2007 134,147 3.33%
0 / 250
 13 With NSS-LS no seats
2008 1,590,200 38.42%
4 / 250
 4 ZES government
2012 255,546 6.53%
4 / 250
 Turnover! opposition
2014 1,736,920 48.35%
5 / 250
 1 Around SNS gov′t support
2016 1,823,147 48.25%
3 / 250
 2 Around SNS gov′t support
2020 1,953,998 60.65%
3 / 250
 0 Around SNS gov′t support

Years in government (1990– )

Presidential elections
President of Serbia
Election year # Candidate 1st round votes % 2nd round votes % Notes
1990 2nd Vuk Drašković 824,674 16.40% — —
1992 2nd Milan Panić 1,516,693 32.11 — — Independent candidate; support
Sep 1997 3rd Vuk Drašković 852,800 20.64 — — Election declared invalid due to low turnout
Dec 1997 3rd Vuk Drašković 587,776 15.42 — —
2002 4th Vuk Drašković 159,959 4.49 — —
2003
Election boycott
2004 4th Dragan Maršićanin 414,971 13.31 — — Government Coalition
2008 3rd Velimir Ilić 305,828 7.43 — — Support
2012 6th Čedomir Jovanović 196,668 5.03 — — U-Turn coalition
2017 1st Aleksandar Vučić 2,012,788 55.05 — — Government coalition
President of FR Yugoslavia
Election year # Candidate 1st round popular vote % of popular vote 2nd round popular vote % of popular vote
2000 4th Vojislav Mihailović 145,019 2.95 — —

References
  1. Milinković, D. (13 April 2015). "Trećina kod naprednjaka" (in Serbian). Večernje novosti.
  2. Nordsieck, Wolfram (2012). "Serbia". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 30 March 2012.
  3. "Q&A: Serbian election". BBC News. 18 January 2007.
  4. "Drašković: Srbija na EU putu pred "svojim" zidom, a to su Kosovo i Ustav" (in Serbian). blic.rs. 12 September 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  5. "ВУК ДРАШКОВИЋ: СПАС ЗА СРБИЈУ ЈЕ УЛАЗАК У НАТО". Српски покрет обнове. 14 January 2019. Retrieved 21 December 2020.
  6. Skroza, Tamara (29 July 2000). "Stranačka muzika (Archive)". vreme.com (in Serbian). Retrieved 10 July 2018.
  7. Ramet, Sabrina P.; Lazić, Sladjana (2011). "The Collaborationist Regime of Milan Nedić". In Ramet, Sabrina P.; Listhaug, Ola (eds.). Serbia and the Serbs in World War Two. London: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-27830-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  8. "Monarchy is key to European integration: Draskovic". B92. 22 December 2003. Archived from the original on 14 December 2013. Retrieved 9 December 2013.
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