Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company

Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company
Type	Private
Industry	Firearms
Fate	Dissolved
Founded	October 9, 1851 in Hartford, Connecticut, U.S.
Founder	Samuel Robbins and Richard S. Lawrence
Defunct	1881
Headquarters	Bridgeport, Connecticut, U.S.
Area served	U.S.
Key people	John C. Palmer, Christian Sharps, Richard S. Lawrence
Products	Rifles

Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company was the manufacturer of the Sharps Rifle. The company was organized by Samuel Robbins and Richard S. Lawrence as a holding company in Hartford, Connecticut, on October 9, 1851 with $100,000 in capital. Despite Sharps departing from the company bearing his name, Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company would go on to produce over 100,000 rifles, but would dissolve in 1881 with the widespread use of repeating rifles.[1]

History

Hartford sewing machine company building that housed Sharps Rifle Co.

Christian Sharps (1810–1874), patented his rifle in 1848. The first contract for 5,000 rifles was in 1850 and manufacturing started in 1851. The Model 1851 "box-lock" was developed by Christian Sharps, Rollin White, and Richard Lawrence at Robbins & Lawrence of Windsor, Vermont. The second contract for 15,000 rifles was so large that no suitable land was available in Windsor, Vermont. The holding company advanced Robbins & Lawrence $40,000 to purchase 25 acres (100,000 m²) of land in Hartford, Connecticut, and to erect a brick factory building.[1]

Christian Sharps left the Company in 1853. He later formed a partnership with William Hankins in 1862, known as Sharps & Hankins. In 1855, manufacturing was moved to Hartford and continued until 1876. Operations were then moved to Bridgeport, Connecticut.[2]

In 1872, Sharps introduced the .50-90 Sharps hunting cartridge.[3] Hugo Borchardt designed the last rifle made by the company, the Sharps-Borchardt Model 1878, but the company went bankrupt and was defunct three years later in 1881.[2]

The Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company produced over 100,000 firearms during the US Civil War for the Union Army, but the company was plagued by lawsuits and eventually succumbed to a shifting marketplace as repeating rifles became more popular with shooters.[1]

Production	Sharps Model	Type	Caliber
1849 to 1850	Model 1849	Rifle	0.44
1850 to 1850	Model 1850	Rifle	0.44
1852 to 1855	Model 1851	Carbine	.36, .44, .52
1853 to 1855	Model 1852	Rifle	0.52
1853 to 1855	Model 1852	Carbine	0.52
1853 to 1855	Model 1852	Shotgun	Various
1854 to 1857	Model 1853	Carbine	Various
1856 to 1857	Model 1855		0.52
1856 to 1857	Model 1855	U.S. Navy Rifle	0.52
1855 to 1857	Model 1855	British Carbine	0.52
1859 to 1866	Model 1859	Carbine	0.52
1859 to 1866	Model 1863	Carbine	0.52
1859 to 1866	Model 1865	Carbine	0.52
1859 to 1866	Model 1859	Rifle	0.52
1869 to 1871	Model 1869	Carbine	0.52
1869 to 1871	Model 1869	Military Rifle	0.50-70
1869 to 1871	Model 1869	Sporting Rifle	.44-77, .50-70
1871 to 1881	Model 1874		Various
1877 to 1878	Model 1877		0.45
1878 to 1881	Model 1878		Various

Legacy

Reproductions of the paper cartridge Sharps 1863 Rifle, the metallic cartridge 1874 Sharps Rifle, and Sharps-Borchardt Model 1878 are manufactured today for use in hunting and target shooting. A number of companies, among them Shiloh Rifle Manufacturing Company and C. Sharps Arms Co. Inc., both of Big Timber, Montana, and the Italian gunmaker Davide Pedersoli & Co. of Brescia, offer a line of Sharps reproductions.[4][5]

The Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company had manufactured bicycles under contract for Weed Sewing Machine Company in Hartford. When Sharps relocated to Bridgeport, Weed bought the old Hartford plant to manufacture bicycles themselves.[6]

References

Foster-Harris, William (2007). The Look of the Old West: A Fully Illustrated Guide. Skyhorse Publishing Inc. pp. 67–69. ISBN 978-1-60239-024-9.
Flayderman, Norm (17 December 2007). Flayderman's Guide to Antique American Firearms and Their Values. Iola, Wisconsin: F+W Media, Inc. p. 194. ISBN 978-0-89689-455-6.
Accurate Smokeless Powders Loading Guide Number Two (Revised), Book by Accurate Arms Co, Wolfe Publishing, 2000 p.368
Ramage, Ken (5 August 2008). Gun Digest 2009: The World's Greatest Gun Book. Iola, Wisconsin: F+W Media, Inc. pp. 88–89. ISBN 978-0-89689-647-5.
Taffin, John (1995). "The Sharps 1874". Guns Magazine. Harris. 41 (5): 60–63.
Hounshell, David (1 September 1985). From the American System to Mass Production, 1800-1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States. JHU Press. pp. 193–194. ISBN 978-0-8018-3158-4.

7.Marcot, Roy - Marron, Edward - Paxton, Ron. "Sharps Firearms: The Percussion Era 1848 - 1865"

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[Foster-Harris2007-1] Foster-Harris, William (2007). The Look of the Old West: A Fully Illustrated Guide. Skyhorse Publishing Inc. pp. 67–69. ISBN 978-1-60239-024-9.

[Flayderman2007-2] Flayderman, Norm (17 December 2007). Flayderman's Guide to Antique American Firearms and Their Values. Iola, Wisconsin: F+W Media, Inc. p. 194. ISBN 978-0-89689-455-6.

[accurate2-3] Accurate Smokeless Powders Loading Guide Number Two (Revised), Book by Accurate Arms Co, Wolfe Publishing, 2000 p.368

[Ramage2008-4] Ramage, Ken (5 August 2008). Gun Digest 2009: The World's Greatest Gun Book. Iola, Wisconsin: F+W Media, Inc. pp. 88–89. ISBN 978-0-89689-647-5.

[Taffin-5] Taffin, John (1995). "The Sharps 1874". Guns Magazine. Harris. 41 (5): 60–63.

[Hounshell1985-6] Hounshell, David (1 September 1985). From the American System to Mass Production, 1800-1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States. JHU Press. pp. 193–194. ISBN 978-0-8018-3158-4.