Speiredonia

Speiredonia
	Speiredonia spectans
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Superfamily:	Noctuoidea
Family:	Erebidae
Tribe:	Hulodini
Genus:	Speiredonia; Hübner, [1823][1]
Synonyms
	Sericia Guenée, 1852; Spiredonia Agassiz, 1847;

Speiredonia is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. It was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1823.

Description

Palpi with thickened second joint, reaching vertex of head and third joint of moderate length. Antennae of male with minute fascicules of cilia. Thorax quadrately scaled. Abdomen with dorsal ridges of hair. Tibia slightly hairy, and mid-tibia spineless. Forewings with arched costa towards apex. Cilia crenulate. Hindwings with crenulate cilia as well, but with short cell. Vein 5 from lower angle of cell.[2]

Defensive display

Some of the species, such as Speiredonia spectans, S. cthulhui, S. hogenesi, S. martabanica, S. sandokana, S. alix. S. itynx, S. levis and S. celebensis have a pattern on the wings that while the moth is at rest looks like the 3-dimensional face of a lurking animal with eyes and nostrils. This pattern is more clearly discernible in females[3] and may cause an attacking predator to hesitate or perhaps withdraw.[4]

Speiredonia spectans resting, mimicking a head

Species

Speiredonia alix (Guenée, 1852)
Speiredonia celebensis Hogenes & Zilli, 2005
Speiredonia cthulhui Zilli & Holloway, 2005
Speiredonia cymosema (Hampson, 1926)
Speiredonia darwiniana Zilli, 2010
Speiredonia gowa Holloway & Zilli, 2005
Speiredonia hogenesi Zilli, 2002
Speiredonia ibanorum Holloway & Zilli, 2005
Speiredonia inocellata Sugi, 1996
Speiredonia itynx Fabricius, 1787
Speiredonia levis Holloway & Zilli, 2005
Speiredonia martabanica Holloway & Zilli, 2005
Speiredonia mutabilis Fabricius, 1794
Speiredonia obscura (Cramer, 1780)
Speiredonia sandokana Zilli & Holloway, 2005
Speiredonia simplex Butler, 1877
Speiredonia spectans (Guenée, 1852) – granny's cloak moth
Speiredonia strigiformis (Robinson, 1975)
Speiredonia substruens (Walker, 1858)

References

Yu, Dicky Sick Ki. "Speiredonia Hubner 1823". Home of Ichneumonoidea. Taxapad. Archived from the original on July 25, 2018. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
Hampson, G. F. (1894). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Volume II. Taylor and Francis – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
Zilli, Alberto; Holloway, Jeremy D. & Hogenes, Willem (2005). "An Overview of the Genus Speiredonia with Description of Seven New Species (Insecta, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)". Aldrovandia. 1: 17–36. Archived from the original on 2011-07-22 – via Internet Archive.
John L. Capinera, Encyclopedia of Entomology, Volume 4, p. 1174

External links

Data related to Speiredonia at Wikispecies
Media related to Speiredonia at Wikimedia Commons
Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul. "Search results Family: Noctuidae". Butterflies and Moths of the World. Natural History Museum, London.
Savela, Markku. "Speiredonia Hübner, [1823]". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved July 24, 2018.

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[taxapad-1] Yu, Dicky Sick Ki. "Speiredonia Hubner 1823". Home of Ichneumonoidea. Taxapad. Archived from the original on July 25, 2018. Retrieved July 24, 2018.

[2] Hampson, G. F. (1894). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Volume II. Taylor and Francis – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.

[3] Zilli, Alberto; Holloway, Jeremy D. & Hogenes, Willem (2005). "An Overview of the Genus Speiredonia with Description of Seven New Species (Insecta, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)". Aldrovandia. 1: 17–36. Archived from the original on 2011-07-22 – via Internet Archive.

[4] John L. Capinera, Encyclopedia of Entomology, Volume 4, p. 1174