Spindalis

Spindalis is a genus consisting of four non-migratory species of bird. It is the only genus in the family Spindalidae. The species are endemic to the Greater Antilles; a population on Cozumel Island, off the Yucatán Peninsula's east coast, is part of that island's West Indian fauna. The species were traditionally considered aberrant members of the tanager family Thraupidae.

Spindalis
Western spindalis (Spindalis zena)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Spindalidae
Barker, Burns, Klicka, Lanyon, & Lovette, 2013[1]
Genus: Spindalis
Jardine & Selby, 1837
Type species
Spindalis nigricephala
Species

See text

Males are characterized by bright plumage while females are duller and have a different coloration. The nests are cup-shaped.[2]

Species

The genus contains four species:[3]

MaleFemaleCommon NameScientific nameDistribution
Hispaniolan spindalisSpindalis dominicensisHispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic)
Jamaican spindalisSpindalis nigricephalaJamaica
Puerto Rican spindalisSpindalis portoricensisPuerto Rico
Western spindalisSpindalis zenasoutheastern Florida and the western Caribbean (Cozumel, the Cayman Islands, Cuba, the Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands)

Taxonomy

Historically, the genus consisted of a single polytypic species, Spindalis zena (with the common name of stripe-headed tanager), with eight recognized subspecies—S. z. townsendi and S. z. zena from the Bahamas, S. z. pretrei from Cuba, S. z. salvini from Grand Cayman, S. z. dominicensis from Hispaniola and Gonâve Island, S. z. portoricensis from Puerto Rico, S. z. nigreciphala from Jamaica, and S. z. benedicti from Cozumel Island. In 1997, based primarily on morphological and vocalization differences, three of the subspecies (portoricensis, dominicensis and nigricephala) were elevated to species status. S. zena remained a polytypic species with five recognized subspecies—S. z. pretrei, S. z. salvini, S. z. benedicti, S. z. townsendi, and S. z. zena.[4]

References
  1. Barker, F.K.; Burns, K.J.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2013). "Going to extremes: contrasting rates of diversification in a recent radiation of New World passerine birds". Systematic Biology. 62 (2): 298–320. doi:10.1093/sysbio/sys094.
  2. Garrido et al. 1997, p. 587.
  3. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Enigmatic Oscines". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
  4. Garrido et al. 1997, pp. 588–589.

Sources
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