St. Nicholas Church, Leipzig

The St. Nicholas Church (German: Nikolaikirche) is one of the major churches of central Leipzig, Germany. Construction started in Romanesque style in 1165, but in the 16th century, the church was turned into a Gothic hall church. Baroque elements like the tower were added in the 18th century.

St. Nicholas Church
Nikolaikirche
Nikolaikirche in 2012
St. Nicholas Church
LocationLeipzig
CountryGermany
DenominationEvangelical-Lutheran Church of Saxony
Previous denominationCatholic
Websitewww.nikolaikirche.de
Architecture
StyleRomanesque, Gothic, Baroque, Neoclassical (interior)
Groundbreakingc. 1165
Specifications
Capacity1,400+
Interior, facing the altar
Organ

In the 18th century, several works by Johann Sebastian Bach, who was the music director of Nikolaikirche and of St. Thomas Church from 1723–50, premiered here. The Neoclassical interior dates to the late 18th century.

The church rose to national fame in 1989 with the Monday Demonstrations when it became the centre of peaceful revolt against communist rule. By capacity, it is one of the largest churches in Saxony.

History

Construction of the church began about 1165. It is named after St. Nicholas, patron of travelers and merchants. It was built originally in the Romanesque style (with twin towers) but was extended and enlarged in the early 16th century in the Gothic style. The Baroque main tower was added in 1730; the portal dates from 1759.[1]

Notable philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was baptized here as an infant on 3 July 1646.

From 1784 to 1797 the interior was remodeled by German architect Johann Carl Friedrich Dauthe in the Neoclassical style. The church has been a Protestant seat since 1539 after the Protestant Reformation, but today the Catholic Church is also allowed to use it.[1]

The church saw four of the five performances (including the premiere) of the St John Passion by Johann Sebastian Bach on Good Friday in 1724, 1728, 1732, and 1749, as well as many of his cantatas and oratorios performed by the Thomanerchor.

Peaceful demonstrations
Main article: Monday demonstrations in East Germany

From 1989 to 1991, people gathered at St. Nicholas on Monday evenings, leading to spontaneous peaceful protests against the government. Cabaret artist Bernd-Lutz Lange said about the events which started in the St. Nicholas Church:

"There was no head of the revolution. The head was the Nikolaikirche and the body the centre of the city. There was only one leadership: Monday, 5 pm, St. Nicholas Church."[2]

Post-reunification

More recently, the church has been struggling to find the funds for interior restorations which have been ongoing since 1968.

Description

Organ

The church organ was renovated from mechanical (tracker) action to pneumatic action in the early 20th century.[3]

Today

The current pastor for the church is Bernhard Stief.

Nikolaikirche has a capacity of over 1,400 seats.[1]

References
  1. "Nikolaikirche zu Leipzig (German)". Nikolaikirche congregation. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  2. The rise and fall of the German Democratic Republic, 1945–1990, by Mike Dennis, Longman, 2000. p.278 ISBN 0-582-24562-1
  3. Die Orgel (in German) Nikokaikirche, Leipzig, retrieved 2 May 2013

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