Standardized approach (credit risk)

The term standardized approach (or standardised approach) refers to a set of credit risk measurement techniques proposed under Basel II capital adequacy rules for banking institutions.

Not to be confused with Standardized approach (counterparty credit risk), Standardized approach (operational risk), or Standardized approach (market risk).
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Under this approach the banks are required to use ratings from External Credit Rating Agencies to quantify required capital for credit risk. In many countries this is the only approach the regulators are planning to approve in the initial phase of Basel II Implementation.

The Basel Accord proposes to permit banks a choice between two broad methodologies for calculating their capital requirements for credit risk. The other alternative is based on internal ratings.

The summary of risk weights in standardized approach

There are some options in weighing risks for some claims, below are the summary as it might be likely to be implemented.

NOTE: For some "unrated" risk weights, banks are encouraged to use their own internal-ratings system based on Foundation IRB and Advanced IRB in Internal-Ratings Based approach with a set of formulae provided by the Basel-II accord. There exist several alternative weights for some of the following claim categories published in the original Framework text.

  • Claims on sovereigns
Credit AssessmentAAA to AA-A+ to A-BBB+ to BBB-BB+ to B-Below B-unrated
Risk Weight0%20%50%100%150%100%
  • Claims on the BIS, the IMF, the ECB, the EC and the MDBs
Risk Weight: 0%
  • Claims on banks and securities companies
Related to assessment of sovereign as banks and securities companies are regulated.
Credit AssessmentAAA to AA-A+ to A-BBB+ to BBB-BB+ to B-Below B-unrated
Risk Weight20%50%100%100%150%100%
  • Claims on corporates
Credit AssessmentAAA to AA-A+ to A-BBB+ to BB-Below BB-unrated
Risk Weight20%50%100%150%100%
  • Claims on retail products
This includes credit card, overdraft, auto loans, personal finance and small business.
Risk weight: 75%
  • Claims secured by residential property
Risk weight: 35%
  • Claims secured by commercial real estate
Risk weight: 100%
  • Overdue loans
more than 90 days other than residential mortgage loans.
Risk weight:
150% for provisions that are less than 20% of the outstanding amount
100% for provisions that are between 20% - 49% of the outstanding amount
100% for provisions that are no less than 50% of the outstanding amount, but with supervisory discretion are reduced to 50% of the outstanding amount
  • Other assets
Risk weight: 100%
  • Cash
Risk weight: 0%

See also

References
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