TCF12

Transcription factor 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TCF12 gene.[5][6]

TCF12
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesTCF12, CRS3, HEB, HTF4, HsT17266, bHLHb20, TCF-12, transcription factor 12, p64
External IDsOMIM: 600480 MGI: 101877 HomoloGene: 40774 GeneCards: TCF12
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 15 (human)[1]
Band15q21.3Start56,918,623 bp[1]
End57,299,281 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

6938

21406

Ensembl

ENSG00000140262

ENSMUSG00000032228

UniProt

Q99081

Q61286

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001253862
NM_001253863
NM_001253864
NM_001253865
NM_011544

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001240791
NP_001240792
NP_001240793
NP_001240794
NP_035674

Location (UCSC)Chr 15: 56.92 – 57.3 MbChr 9: 71.84 – 72.11 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) E-protein family that recognizes the consensus binding site (E-box) CANNTG. This encoded protein is expressed in many tissues, among them skeletal muscle, thymus, B- and T-cells, and may participate in regulating lineage-specific gene expression through the formation of heterodimers with other bHLH E-proteins. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined.[6] TCF12 has been speculatively related to human male sexuality through a GWAS study indicating association to a related single nucleotide polymorphism.[7] Mutations in this gene have also been associated with cases of coronal craniosynostosis.[8]

TCF12 is the primary heterodimerising partner of TCF21, a tumour suppressor gene and a target of SRY/SOX9 activity.[9]

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000140262 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032228 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Zhang Y, Babin J, Feldhaus AL, Singh H, Sharp PA, Bina M (August 1991). "HTF4: a new human helix-loop-helix protein". Nucleic Acids Research. 19 (16): 4555. doi:10.1093/nar/19.16.4555. PMC 328652. PMID 1886779.
  6. "Entrez Gene: TCF12 transcription factor 12 (HTF4, helix-loop-helix transcription factors 4)".
  7. Ganna A, Verweij KJ, Nivard MG, Maier R, Wedow R, Busch AS, et al. (August 2019). "Large-scale GWAS reveals insights into the genetic architecture of same-sex sexual behavior". Science. 365 (6456): eaat7693. doi:10.1126/science.aat7693. PMC 7082777. PMID 31467194.
  8. Sharma VP, Fenwick AL, Brockop MS, McGowan SJ, Goos JA, Hoogeboom AJ, et al. (March 2013). "Mutations in TCF12, encoding a basic helix-loop-helix partner of TWIST1, are a frequent cause of coronal craniosynostosis". Nature Genetics. 45 (3): 304–7. doi:10.1038/ng.2531. PMC 3647333. PMID 23354436.
  9. Bhandari RK, Sadler-Riggleman I, Clement TM, Skinner MK (2011-05-17). "Basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor TCF21 is a downstream target of the male sex determining gene SRY". PLOS ONE. 6 (5): e19935. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...619935B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019935. PMC 3101584. PMID 21637323.

Further reading

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