Terminalia (plant)
Terminalia is a genus of large trees of the flowering plant family Combretaceae, comprising around 100 species distributed in tropical regions of the world. This genus gets its name from Latin terminus, referring to the fact that the leaves appear at the very tips of the shoots.
| Terminalia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| T. catappa | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Combretaceae |
| Genus: | Terminalia L.[1] |
| Species | |
|
See text. | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Badamia Gaertn. | |
Chemistry
Trees of this genus are known especially as a source of secondary metabolites, e.g. cyclic triterpenes and their derivatives, flavonoids, tannins, and other aromatics.
Selected species
Terminalia argentea flowers
_in_Hyderabad%252C_AP_W_IMG_0494.jpg.webp)
T. catappa flowers with a hoverfly - a close up
- Terminalia acuminata (Fr. Allem.) Eichl.
- Terminalia albida Scott-Elliot
- Terminalia altissima – White afara
- Terminalia amazonia (J.F.Gmel.) Exell (T. hayesii, Chuncoa amazonia) – White olive
- Terminalia arbuscula Sw.
- Terminalia archipelagi Coode
- Terminalia arenicola Byrnes
- Terminalia argentea Mart.
- Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn. (Pentaptera arjuna, Pentaptera glabra) – Arjuna, koha, white marudah
- Terminalia arostrata Ewart & O.B.Davies – Crocodile tree
- Terminalia australis Cambess – Palo amarillo, Tanimbú
- Terminalia avicennioides
- Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. (Myrobalanus bellirica) – beleric
- Terminalia bentzoe (L.) L. f. (=T. angustifolia, T. bentzoin, T. mauritiana)
- Terminalia bialata (Roxb.) Steud. – Indian silver greywood, silver greywood
- Terminalia brachystemma
- Terminalia brassii Exell
- Terminalia brownii Fresen.
- Terminalia bucidoides Standley & L.O.Williams
- Terminalia bursarina – Bendee
- Terminalia calamansanai (Blanco) Rolfe
- Terminalia cambodiana Gagnep.
- Terminalia canescens (DC.) Radlk. – Jalool
- Terminalia carolinensis Kaneh.
- Terminalia carpentariae C.T.White
- Terminalia catappa L. – Indian almond, tropical almond, umbrella tree
- Terminalia chebula Retz. (T. reticulata) – Black myrobalan, chebulic myrobalan, inknut
- Terminalia cherrieri McKee
- Terminalia ciliata
- Terminalia circumalata F.Muell.
- Terminalia citrina (Gaertn.) Roxb. ex Fleming (=T. arborea)
- Terminalia corticosa (T. mucronata)
- Terminalia cunninghamii C.A.Gardner – Pindan quondong
- Terminalia eddowesii Coode
- Terminalia elliptica Willd. (T. alata, T. tomentosa) – Indian-laurel
- Terminalia eriostachya A.Rich.
- Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell – billygoat plum, Kakadu plum, gubinge
- Terminalia fitzgeraldii C.A.Gardner
- Terminalia foetidissima Griff. (T. ovocarpa)
- Terminalia franchetii Gagnep. (T. triptera)
- Terminalia glabrescens
- Terminalia glaucifolia
- Terminalia grandiflora Benth.
- Terminalia hadleyana W.Fitzg.
- Terminalia hararensis Engl. ex Diels
- Terminalia hecistocarpa Engl. ex Diels
- Terminalia intermedia (A.Rich.) Urban
- Terminalia ivorensis A.Chev. – Idigbo, Black afara, blackbark, brimstone wood, shingle wood
- Terminalia januariensis DC.
- Terminalia kaernbachii Warb. (T. okari) – okari nut
T. arjuna flowers - Terminalia kangeanensis Slooten
- Terminalia kuhlmannii Alwan & Stace
- Terminalia kumpaja R.L.Barrett
- Terminalia latifolia Sw.
- Terminalia latipes Benth.
- Terminalia latipes subsp. psilocarpa Pedley (=T. ferdinandiana) – Kakadu plum
- Terminalia littoralis L.
- Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr.
- Terminalia microcarpa Decne. (=T. edulis)
- Terminalia muelleri
- Terminalia myriocarpa
Terminalia bellirica trunk - Terminalia neotaliala Madagascar Almond Tree
- Terminalia nigrovenulosa Pierre (synonym: T. tripteroides Craib[2])
- Terminalia nitens C.Presl
- Terminalia novocaledonica Däniker
- Terminalia oblonga (Ruiz & Pav.) Steud.
- Terminalia oblongata F.Muell.
- Terminalia oblongata subsp. volucris (R.Br. ex Benth.) Pedley (=T. volucris) – Rosewood
- Terminalia obovata
- Terminalia oliveri
- Terminalia paniculata Brandis
- Terminalia parviflora Thwaites
- Terminalia pellucida C.Presl
- Terminalia petiolaris Benth. – Marool
- Terminalia phanerophlebia Engl. & Diels
- Terminalia phellocarpa
- Terminalia phillyreifolia (Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) Gere & Boatwr.[3]
- Terminalia platyphylla F.Muell.
- Terminalia platyptera F.Muell.
- Terminalia porphyrocarpa
- Terminalia procera Roxb. (=T. copelandii Elmer)
- Terminalia prunioides M.A.Lawson – Purple pod terminalia
_hanging_fruit_at_23_Mile%252C_Duars%252C_WB_W_IMG_5902.jpg.webp)
T. bellirica fruit - Terminalia reitzii Excell
- Terminalia rerei Coode
- Terminalia richii A.Gray
- Terminalia saffordii Merr.
- Terminalia schimperiana Hochst.
- Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC. – Silver terminalia
- Terminalia sericocarpa – Damson
- Terminalia subspathulata
- Terminalia superba Engl. & Diels – Limba
- Terminalia triflora (Griseb.) Lillo
- Terminalia trifoliata Spreng.
- Terminalia volucris Benth.
Formerly placed here
- Bucida molinetii (M.Gómez) Alwan & Stace (as T. molinetii M.Gómez)
- Combretum erythrophyllum (Burch.) Sond. (as T. erythrophylla Burch.)[4]
Image gallery
Terminalia bellirica leaves being eaten by semilooper from family Noctuidae
T. bellirica leaves being eaten by semilooper from family Noctuidae_in_Hyderabad%252C_AP_W_IMG_0495.jpg.webp)
T. catappa flowers with a hoverfly
T. porphyrocarpa foliage and flowers
T. porphyrocarpa foliage and flowers
Terminalia mantaly as a street tree in Hong Kong
T. mantaly seen in Bangalore
References
- "Genus: Terminalia L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-10-05. Archived from the original on 2012-10-11. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- The Plant list (retrieved 5 July 2018)
- POWO: Terminalia phillyreifolia (Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) Gere & Boatwr. (retrieved 24 September 2018)
- "GRIN Species Records of Terminalia". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Terminalia. |
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Wikispecies has information related to Terminalia. |
- Dressler, S.; Schmidt, M. & Zizka, G. (2014). "Terminalia". African plants – a Photo Guide. Frankfurt/Main: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg.
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