The Cycle (1975 film)

Saeed Kangarani portraying Ali

A young man named Ali living along with his family in the suburbs of Tehran, takes his diseased father, Esmail, to a large hospital, but is unable to pay for Esmail's reception and spends a few days outside until he meets Doctor Sameri. Esmail requests Sameri's help; and the latter arranges a location for them. They arrive and Sameri tells them to enter a truck containing a few other people. Ali and Esmail keep asking questions, but do not get answers. They arrive at a laboratory where people's blood is bought. Esmail refuses, but Ali sells some blood in exchange for 20 tomans. Sameri is revealed to be a blood dealer buying the blood of the poor and the addicted with little money and selling it to hospitals. During the time at the hospital with Esmail, Ali meets a young nurse named Zahra. Sameri convinces Ali to work for him and find blood sellers. Esmail's condition keeps getting worse until he dies. Ali continues progressing in his career and starts a new life.

• Saeed Kangarani as Ali
• Ezzatolah Entezami as Dr. Sameri
• Forouzan as Zahra
• Ali Nassirian as Esmail
• Bahman Fersi as Doctor Davoudzadeh
• Esmail Mohammadi as Ali's Father
• Rafi Halati as a physician
• Soroush Khalili as the hospital chef
• Iraj Rad as an intern
• Mohammad Motii as a blood dealer
• Jamshid Layeg as a physician

Ali Nassirian (portraying Esmail) and Esmail Mohammadi (portraying Ali's father) in a scene of the Cycle

Dariush Mehrjui behind the scenes of the Cycle

After The Cow, which was an adaptation of Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi's series of novels titled "The Bayal Grievers", The Cycle is the second film that Mehrjui has made based on a novel by Sa'edi and with his contribution. The screenplay of The Cycle is adapted from the novel "Junkyard" of the series "Grave and Cradle". Mehrjui achieves a perfect social realism in The Cycle. A large part of this success is, like The Cow, from Sa'edi's writing.[1] Sa'edi cooperated with Mehrjui and the crew during review and even production. Entezami, who portrays Sameri, comments: "After all, the procedure was like before while you were working with Mehrjui, and the same for the specifics of the character Sameri and his ethical and behavioral attributes; but this time Dr. Sa'edi was present too and every time I worked on a novel by him, it was that way. I always talked to Dr. Sa'edi and used his help." [2] The changes that the film has relative to the novel are mostly due to artistic necessities or because of the more restricted censorship in cinema than in books. Javad Tusi writes at the footer of an article about Mehrjui's "Shirak" film: "Sa'edi emphasizes on the fall of the character Ali in the novel Junkyard by stating the cooperation of Ali with SAVAK agents for exposing and arresting the protesting physician of the hospital; but Mehrjui shows the retrograde process of the character Ali in The Cycle by his indifference towards his father's death due to the impossibility of explicitly stating the former during the time." [3] About that, Omid Roshan-Zamir writes: "Mehrjui has chosen the same realistic style of Sa'edi's in adaptation of this novel and shows the events without redundancy, with a designated method. Due to the circumstances during the time of the production of the film, the part of Ali being a snitch is put aside and instead, the story of a young doctor, who tries to establish a blood laboratory in order to neutralize the blood dealer who sells infected blood to hospitals, is added." [4]

The Cycle was produced in 1974, but did not achieve its warrant until 1977, and premiered in Paris Festival on 1977 fall and in Berlin Festival on 1978 winter. But it had its wide release on April 12, 1978 in Iran and attracted the attention of the audience and the critics. "The release of The Cycle was, after a four-year delay, on the screen for five weeks on Cinema Atlantik and six weeks on Cinema Diana and grossed more than 16 million rials. In addition to general reception, the film received the praise of the specialists and the critics."[5]

A scene of the Cycle, the poor selling blood

Like the rest of Mehrjui's films, The Cycle went under a lot of review and many critical statements were written about it at Iranian and foreign journals. The brave subject of the film, the multiple-year ban and the use of commercial cinema stars like Forouzan, made The Cycle the most controversial product of Mehrjui's.[6]

The Cycle premiered in multiple festivals like Paris, Berlin, Valladolid (Spain), Cinematic Ontario (Canada), Boston Fine Arts Museum (U.S), Hong Kong International Film Festival,... and achieved some awards.[7] It was submitted for Best Foreign Language Film at the 50th Academy Awards.[8]

Trivia

Ezzatolah Entezami portraying Sameri, the blood dealer

Forouzan's portrayal, either from the viewpoint of the critics who did not expect an actress from the commercial cinema to perform in a thoughtful film of Mehrjui's or from the public's point of view was interesting and controversial. About that, Entezami says: "When we went for shooting in Mashhad, an uproar started because of Forouzan's presence; and they were forced to escort her by a car to her residence after shooting. It was said that Mehrjui had picked her in order to guarantee the box office; whereas the truth was different."[17] In an interview of Iraj Saberi and Mehrjui:

- Forouzan's contribution in this film was exciting for many. Why did you choose her?

- She fitted for Zahra well. Also, Forouzan is a good artist. She's disciplined and professional; and it'll be much better if she sits in her right place.

- Don't you think she's prettier than the book Zahra?

- Yes, I agree. The same can be said for Ali."[18]

• List of submissions to the 50th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film
• List of Iranian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film

• The Cycle at IMDb