The Ring (franchise)
Ring (Japanese: リング, romanized: Ringu), also known as The Ring, is a Japanese-American media franchise, based on the novel series of the same name written by Koji Suzuki. The franchise includes eight Japanese films, two television series, six manga adaptations, three American film remakes, a Korean film remake, and two video games; The Ring: Terror's Realm and Ring: Infinity.
Ring | |
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Created by | Koji Suzuki |
Original work | Novel |
Print publications | |
Novel(s) | |
Comics |
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Films and television | |
Film(s) |
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Short film(s) | Rings (2005) |
Television series |
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Games | |
Video game(s) |
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Audio | |
Radio program(s) |
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Soundtrack(s) |
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The films revolve around a cursed videotape that kills anyone who watches it seven days later. It was created by psychic Sadako Yamamura, who was murdered by her adoptive father and thrown into a well. After her supposed death, she returned as a ghostly serial killer, killing anyone who fails to copy and then send the videotape to someone else under a seven-day deadline (constricted to a two-day deadline in Sadako vs. Kayako).
Japanese media
Novels
The franchise began with Koji Suzuki's 1991 novel Ring. It was the first of a trilogy, with two sequels: Spiral (1995) and Loop (1998).[1] Several later novels based on Ring were released: Birthday (1999) [which contains a prequel to Ring, an epilogue to Loop, and details what happened to a key character in Spiral], S (2012), and Tide (2013).
Films
In 1998, Hideo Nakata made a new Japanese adaptation of the book in his film Ring, initiating the franchise. The original sequel to this was Rasen, an adaptation of Spiral (Suzuki's sequel to his first Ring book). However, due to poor reception, a new sequel, Ring 2, was released in 1999 which continued the storyline of Ring, but was not based on Suzuki's books. This was followed by a 2000 prequel, Ring 0: Birthday, which was based on the short story "Lemon Heart" from Suzuki's 1999 book, Birthday. These films delved into a uniquely different mythos surrounding Sadako Yamamura and the cursed videotape. These changes led the franchise to attain a cult status, both domestically and internationally, popularizing the Japanese horror genre as a whole and the stringy black-haired yūrei trope.
In 2012, Sadako 3D was released, adapted from Suzuki's book S, and in 2013 Sadako 3D 2 was released, continuing the timeline of Spiral.
Sadako was released on May 24, 2019, with Hideo Nakata returning as director. This marks the first entry in his timeline since Ring 2, 20 years prior.
Hideo Nakata Timeline | Rasen Timeline |
---|---|
Ring 0: Birthday (2000) | |
Ring (1998) | |
Ring 2 (1999) | Rasen (a.k.a. Spiral, 1998) |
Sadako (2019) | Sadako 3D (2012) |
Sadako 3D 2 (2013) | |
Television
The first adaption of Ring was the Japanese television film Ring (titled Ring: Kanzenban for home video release), released in 1995. This remained the closest to the book but didn't have the success and recognition of the later films.
Ring: The Final Chapter is a 12 episode self-contained miniseries that aired in 1999, and is loosely based on the original Ring novel. It is not connected to the films or the previous television adaptation.
In the same year, a sequel television miniseries titled Rasen was made, consisting of 13 episodes.
Crossover film
In 2016, Sadako vs. Kayako, directed by Kōji Shiraishi, was released, a crossover of the Ju-on series of horror films, though not canon to either timeline, as the deadline for the video tape is 2 days instead of 7. It features Sadakaya, a ghost that resulted from the fusion of Sadako and the Ju-on antagonist Kayako Saeki.
Manga
Several manga series have been published by Kadokawa Shoten based on the films. The second manga adaptation is a two-volume series based on the first novel. The manga was written Hiroshi Takahashi and illustrated by Misao Inagaki. Both volumes were released on January 21, 1999.[2][3] Dark Horse Comics compiled the first two volumes and released an english-language version on November 12, 2003.[4]
The third adaptation, was written by Hiroshi Takahashi and illustrated by Meimu, was released on February 3, 1999.[5] Dark Horse Comics released it on May 19, 2004 as the second volume of the Ring manga series.[6]
The fourth adaptation, titled Spiral (らせん, Rasen), is based on the novel and film of the same name. The manga was written by Koji Suzuki, illustrated by Sakura Mizuki, and released on September 10, 1999.[7] Dark Horse released it on August 18, 2004 as volume 3 of the Ring manga series.[8]
The fifth adaptation, titled Birthday (バースデイ, Bāsudei), is based on the novel and film of the same name. The manga was written by Hiroshi Takahashi, illustrated by Meimu and released on December 22, 1999.[9] Dark Horse Comics released it on November 3, 2004 as volume 4 of the Ring manga series.[10]
The sixth, named "Ring 0", was also written by Hiroshi Takahashi and illustrated by Meimu, and released on January 28, 2000.[11] Dark Horse Comics released it on March 30, 2005 as "Volume 0" of the Ring manga series.[12]
Korean remake
The Ring Virus was the first remake to be made, in 1999, where the killer is renamed as Park Eun-suh, who is a hermaphrodite, unlike the biologically female Sadako in the films. Though the film copied multiple scenes from Ring, it is, like Ring: Kanzenban, very faithful to the original novel series.
American films
In 2002, an American remake was made, titled The Ring, where the killer is renamed as Samara Morgan, who is a preteen instead of an adolescent woman. The Ring was one of the highest-grossing horror remakes, its box office gross surpassing that of Ring. Two sequels were made, including a short film.
The Ring (2002)
Rachel Keller is a journalist investigating a videotape that may have killed four teenagers (including her niece). There is an urban legend about this tape: the viewer will die seven days after watching it. If the legend is correct, Rachel would have to run against time to save her son's and her own.
Rings (2005 short film)
Jake Pierce, a young teenager watches a cursed video tape after joining a teen cult named "Rings".
The Ring Two (2005)
A high school student named Jake Pierce tries to make his girlfriend Emily watch the cursed videotape. But then Jake finds out that Emily covered her eyes and didn't watch the tape, and then Jake is killed by Samara Morgan from the first film. Rachel Keller learns of Jake's death and realizes she has to save her son Aidan from Samara.
Rings (2017 feature film)
Julia becomes worried about her boyfriend when he explores a dark subculture surrounding a mysterious videotape said to kill the watcher seven days after he has viewed it. She sacrifices herself to save her boyfriend and in doing so makes a horrifying discovery: there is a "movie within the movie" that no one has ever seen before.
Future
In September 2019, The Grudge director Nicolas Pesce expressed interest in a crossover film between The Grudge and the American The Ring film series.[13]
Japanese cast and crew
Cast
Key
- A Y indicates the actor portrayed the role of a younger version of the character.
- A V indicates the actor or actress lent only his or her voice for his or her film character.
- A P indicates the actor or actress portrayed their film character as possessed by another.
- An A indicates an appearance through archival footage.
- A C indicates a cameo appearance.
- A dark gray cell indicates the character was not in the film.
Hideo Nakata Timeline (1998–2019)
Character | Ring 0: Birthday | Ring | Ring 2 | Sadako |
---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 1998 | 1999 | 2019 | |
Sadako Yamamura mysterious girl |
Yukie Nakama | Rie Inō | Rie Inō Mebuki TsuchidaY |
Himeka Himejima |
Shizuko Yamamura | Masako | |||
Takashi Yamamura | Mahito Ohba | Yoichi Numata | ||
Dr. Heihachiro Ikuma | Daisuke Ban | |||
Masami Kurahashi | Hitomi Satō | |||
Reiko Asakawa | Nanako Matsushima | |||
Ryuji Takayama | Hiroyuki Sanada | |||
Yoichi Asakawa | Rikiya Otaka | |||
Mai Takano | Miki Nakatani | |||
Hiroshi Toyama | Seiichi Tanabe | |||
Etsuko Tachihara | Kumiko Asō | |||
Yusaku Shigemori | Takeshi Wakamatsu | |||
Wataru Kuno | Ryushi Mizukami | |||
Aiko Hazuki | Kaoru Okunuki | |||
Togashi | Yasuji Kimura | |||
Mrs. Sudo | Kazue Tsunogae | |||
Kaoru Arima | Atsuko Takahata | |||
Akiko Miyaji | Yoshiko Tanaka | |||
Tomoko Ōishi | Yūko Takeuchi | |||
Yoshino | Yutaka Matsushige | |||
Kōichi Asakawa | Katsumi Muramatsu | |||
Kanae Sawaguchi | Kyoko Fukada | |||
Okazaki | Yūrei Yanagi | |||
Ishi Kawajiri | Fumiyo Kohinata | |||
Detective Keiji Omuta | Kenjirō Ishimaru | |||
Mayu Akikawa | Elaiza Ikeda | |||
Yusuke Ishida | Takashi Tsukamoto | |||
Kazuma Akikawa | Hiroya Shimizu | |||
Minoru Fujii | Ren Kiriyama | |||
Hatsuko Sobue | Rie Tomosaka |
Rasen Timeline (1998–2013)
Character | Ring 0: Birthday | Ring | Spiral | Sadako 3D | Sadako 3D 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 1998 | 2012 | 2013 | ||
Sadako Yamamura | Yukie Nakama | Rie Inō | Hinako Saeki Miki NakataniP |
Ai Hashimoto | Satomi IshiharaP |
Shizuko Yamamura | Masako | ||||
Dr. Heihachiro Ikuma | Daisuke Ban | ||||
Takashi Yamamura | Mahito Ohba | Yoichi Numata | |||
Ryuji Takayama | Hiroyuki Sanada | ||||
Mai Takano | Miki Nakatani | ||||
Reiko Asakawa | Nanako Matsushima | Mentioned | |||
Yoichi Asakawa | Rikiya Otaka | ||||
Takanori Ando | Ryûichi SugaharaY | Koji Seto | |||
Detective Kirokui Nakamura | Tsutomu Takahashi | ||||
Akane Ayukawa | Satomi Ishihara Yuna TairaY |
Satomi Ishihara | |||
Seiji Kashiwada | Yusuke Yamamoto | ||||
Detective Yugo Koiso | Ryosei Tayama | ||||
Hiroshi Toyama | Seiichi Tanabe | ||||
Etsuko Tachihara | Kumiko Asō | ||||
Yusaku Shigemori | Takeshi Wakamatsu | ||||
Wataru Kuno | Ryushi Mizukami | ||||
Aiko Hazuki | Kaoru Okunuki | ||||
Togashi | Yasuji Kimura | ||||
Mrs. Sudo | Kazue Tsunogae | ||||
Kaoru Arima | Atsuko Takahata | ||||
Akiko Miyaji | Yoshiko Tanaka | ||||
Masami Kurahashi | Hitomi Satō | ||||
Tomoko Ōishi | Yūko Takeuchi | ||||
Yoshino | Yutaka Matsushige | ||||
Kōichi Asakawa | Katsumi Muramatsu | ||||
Mitsuo Ando | Koichi Sato | ||||
Miyashita | Shingo Tsurumi | ||||
Maekawa Keibuho | Shigemitsu Ogi | ||||
Yoshino | Yutaka Matsushige | ||||
Kobayashi | Naoaki Manabe | ||||
Funakoshi | Naoto Adachi | ||||
Rieko Ando | Eri Kakurai | ||||
Junsa Bucho | Masanobu Yada | ||||
Kansatsui Joshu | Ryûma Uchida | ||||
Shashin Gakari | Kozo Sato | ||||
Department Store Manager | Kôji SuzukiC | ||||
Risa Kitayama | Hikari Takara | ||||
Enoki | Shota Sometani | ||||
Noriko Morisaki | Yoko Kita | ||||
Fuko Ando | Miori Takimoto | ||||
Fumika Kamimura | Itsumi Osawa | ||||
Nagi Ando | Kokoro Hirasawa | ||||
Mitsugi Kakiuchi | Takeshi Onishi | ||||
American cast and crew
Cast
Key
- A Y indicates the actor portrayed the role of a younger version of the character.
- A V indicates the actor or actress lent only his or her voice for his or her film character.
- A P indicates the actor or actress portrayed their film character as possessed by another.
- An A indicates an appearance through archival footage.
- A C indicates a cameo appearance.
- A dark gray cell indicates the character was not in the film.
Characters | Main films | Short film | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Ring | The Ring Two | Rings | Rings | ||
2002 | 2005 | 2017 | 2005 | ||
Samara Morgan | Daveigh Chase | Daveigh ChaseA | Kelly Stables | ||
David DorfmanP | Bonnie Morgan | ||||
Kelly Stables | Kelly Stables | Zoe PessinV Matilda LutzP | |||
Caitlin MavromatesY | Caitlin MavromatesA | ||||
Anna Morgan | Shannon Cochran | Shannon CochranA | |||
Rachel Keller | Naomi Watts | Mentioned | |||
Aidan Keller | David Dorfman | ||||
Noah Clay | Martin Henderson | ||||
Richard Morgan | Brian Cox | ||||
Ruth Embry | Lindsay Frost | ||||
Katherine "Katie" Embry | Amber Tamblyn | ||||
Rebecca "Becca" Kotler | Rachael Bella | ||||
Evelyn Borden (née Osorio) | Sissy Spacek Mary Elizabeth WinsteadY |
Kayli Carter Mary Elizabeth WinsteadA |
|||
Jake Pierce | Ryan Merriman | Ryan Merriman | |||
Emily | Emily VanCamp | Emily VanCamp | |||
Eddie | Justin AllenVC | Justin Allen | |||
Max Rourke | Simon Baker | ||||
Dr. Emma Temple | Elizabeth Perkins | ||||
Galen Burke | Mentioned | Vincent D'Onofrio | |||
Julia | Matilda Lutz | ||||
Holt Anthony | Alex Roe | ||||
Gabriel Brown | Johnny Galecki | ||||
Skye Johnston | Aimee Teegarden | ||||
Carter | Zach Roerig | ||||
Faith | Laura Slade Wiggins | ||||
Kelly | Lizzie Brocheré | ||||
Vanessa | Alexandra Breckenridge | ||||
Timothy "Tim" Rivers | Josh Wise | ||||
Crew
Crew/Detail | Main films | Short film | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
The Ring | The Ring Two | Rings | Rings | |
2002 | 2005 | 2017 | 2005 | |
Director | Gore Verbinski | Hideo Nakata | F. Javier Gutiérrez | Jonathan Liebesman |
Producer(s) | Walter F. Parkes Laurie MacDonald |
Jeanette Volturno Arnon Manor | ||
Writer(s) | Screenplay by Ehren Kruger Based on Ring by Koji Suzuki |
Ehren Kruger | Screenplay by David Loucka Jacob Aaron Estes Akiva Goldsman Story by David Loucka Jacob Aaron Estes Based on Spiral by Koji Suzuki |
Screenplay by Ehren Kruger Story by Jonathan Liebesman |
Composer | Hans Zimmer | Henning Lohner Martin Tillman |
Matthew Margeson | Hans Zimmer |
Director of photography | Bojan Bazelli | Gabriel Beristain | Sharone Meir | Lukas Ettlin |
Editor(s) | Craig Wood | Michael N. Knue | Jeremiah O'Driscoll Steve Mirkovich |
Sheila Moreland |
Production companies | BenderSpink Parkes/MacDonald Productions |
Parkes/MacDonald + Imagenatation Vertigo Entertainment |
BenderSpink Parkes/MacDonald Productions | |
Distributor | DreamWorks Pictures | Paramount Pictures | DreamWorks Pictures | |
Release date | October 18, 2002 | March 18, 2005 | February 3, 2017 | March 8, 2005 |
Running time | 115 minutes | 110 minutes | 102 minutes | 17 minutes |
Reception
The original 1991 novel Ring sold 500,000 copies by January 1998, and 1.5 million copies by July 2000.[1]
Box office performance
Film | Release date | Box office gross | Budget | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Japan | South Korea | Other territories | |||
Ring | January 31, 1998 | ¥1,700,000,000 [14] | ₩341,970,000[15][16] | $6,261,738[lower-alpha 1] | $1.5 million [1] |
Rasen (Spiral) | January 31, 1998 | ¥1,700,000,000 [14] | ₩25,482,000[23][24] | N/A | ‹See Tfd›? |
Ring 2 | January 23, 1999 | ¥3,570,000,000 [14] | ₩771,180,000[23][24] | $117,493[25][19][20] | |
Ring 0: Birthday | January 22, 2000 | ¥1,600,000,000 [26] | ₩40,642,000[23][27] | N/A | |
Sadako 3D | May 12, 2012 | ¥1,350,000,000 [28] | ₩1,128,635,032[23] | $3,486,438[lower-alpha 2] | |
Sadako 3D 2 | August 30, 2013 | ¥688,494,993 [31] | ₩92,668,200[23] | $1,375,682[32] | |
Sadako vs. Kayako | June 18, 2016 | ¥1,000,000,000 [33] | ₩202,716,000[23] | $704,922[34] | |
Sadako | May 24, 2019 | ¥164,000,000 [35] | N/A | N/A | |
Regional total | ¥11,772,494,993 ($142,094,656) | ₩2,603,293,232 ($2,454,552) | $11,946,273 | $1.5 million + | |
Worldwide total | $156,495,481 |
Film | Release date | Box office gross | Budget | Reference | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
North America | Other territories | Worldwide | ||||
The Ring | October 18, 2002 | $129,128,133 | $120,220,800 | $249,348,933 | $48 million | [36] |
The Ring Two | March 18, 2005 | $76,231,249 | $87,764,700 | $163,995,949 | $50 million | [37] |
Rings | February 3, 2017 | $27,793,018 | $55,287,872 | $83,080,890 | $25 million | [38] |
Total | $233,152,400 | $263,273,372 | $496,425,772 | $123 million | [39] | |
Film | Release date | Box office gross (South Korea) | Budget |
---|---|---|---|
The Ring Virus | June 12, 1999 | ₩1,994,124,000[23][16] ($1,689,326)[20] | ‹See Tfd›? |
Japanese films | American films | South Korean film | Box office total |
---|---|---|---|
$156,495,481 | $496,425,772 | $1,689,326 | $654,610,579 |
Critical and audience response
Film | Rotten Tomatoes | Metacritic | CinemaScore |
---|---|---|---|
Ring | 97% (38 reviews)[40] | N/A | N/A |
Ring 2 | 0% (13 reviews)[41] | N/A | N/A |
The Ring | 71% (206 reviews)[42] | 57 (36 reviews)[43] | B−[44] |
The Ring Two | 20% (189 reviews)[45] | 44 (37 reviews)[46] | C+[47] |
Sadako vs. Kayako | 48% (21 reviews)[48] | N/A | N/A |
Rings | 8% (111 reviews)[49] | 25 (23 reviews)[50] | C−[51] |
Sadako | 22% (23 reviews)[52] | N/A | N/A |
In his review of Sadako (2019), the film critic and psychoanalyst Pieter-Jan Van Haecke remarked that while Sadako does not work as a horror movie, the atmospheric tension that marks the films turn the film into an enjoyable experience.
Unofficial films
In 2015, Hikiko-san vs Sadako (or simply Hikiko vs Sadako), directed by Nagaoka Hisaaki was released. While the DVD cover features a character resembling Sadako emerging from a well, the character in the film is named Sadako Takamura.[53]
In 2016 and 2017, Bunshinsaba vs Sadako and Bunshinsaba vs Sadako 2, both directed by River Huang, a crossover with the Bunshinsaba film series, were released. A third film, Bunshinsaba vs Sadako 3, is currently scheduled to be released in late 2020.
The Return of Sadako[lower-alpha 3], released in 2018, was the first stand-alone Chinese Ring film to be made following the crossover film Bunshinaba vs. Sadako in 2016; produced by Scarecrow Pictures, the film's killers renamed as sisters Sadako and Kawako, who flee to China alongside their father after the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, before turning against one another for the love of a Japanese boy; years later a projector is discovered in their house with their souls imprinted upon it. Though the film was marketed as an unofficial sequel to Sadako 3D 2, it is in-fact a remake.
Notes
- Ring (1998) overseas box office:
- Sadako 3D (2012) overseas box office:
- 贞子归来
References
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- "Ring Volume 1 TPB". Dark Horse Comics. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
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- "Ring Volume 0 TPB". Dark Horse Comics. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
- https://bloody-disgusting.com/news/3584775/nicolas-pesce-confirms-new-grudge-canonical-2004-version-exclusive/
- "邦画興行収入ランキング". SF MOVIE DataBank. General Works. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
- "영화정보". KOFIC. Korean Film Council. Retrieved February 1, 2019.
The Ring
- Park, Seung Hyun (2000). "Average Ticket Prices in Korea, 1974–1997". A Cultural Interpretation of Korean Cinema, 1988–1997. Indiana University. p. 119.
1997 [...] Foreign [...] 6,000
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- "Dissemination of European cinema in the European Union and the international market" (PDF). Jacques Delors Institute. UniFrance. November 2014. p. 28. Retrieved February 11, 2019.
- "Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average)". World Bank. Retrieved February 11, 2019.
- Ma, Kevin. "Doraemon sets box office record in Hong Kong". Film Business Asia. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
- "破鬼后貞子17年紀錄 《你的名字》稱霸台北日片票房 – 自由娛樂". Liberty Times. November 4, 2016. Retrieved February 1, 2019.
- "영화정보". KOFIC. Korean Film Council. Retrieved February 1, 2019.
- "Korean Film Newsletter #7". KoreanFilm.org. August 7, 2000. Retrieved February 11, 2019.
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- "Screen Industry Snapshot Korea". Austrade. Government of Australia. September 26, 2017. p. 49. Retrieved February 11, 2019.
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- ひきこさん VS 貞子 [Hikiko-san VS Sadako] (DVD) (in Japanese). Interfilm.
そして今回登場するのは、“御加美千鶴子”“長瀬郁子”そして“高村貞子”。