Thomas Ewing (Australian politician)
Sir Thomas Thomson Ewing KCMG (9 October 1856 – 15 September 1920) was an Australian politician. He began his career in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly (1885–1901) before winning election to the Division of Richmond at the inaugural 1901 federal election. He held ministerial office in the second Deakin Government as Vice-President of the Executive Council (1905–1906), Minister for Home Affairs (1906–1907), and Minister for Defence (1907–1908).
Sir Thomas Ewing KCMG | |
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Minister for Defence | |
In office 24 January 1907 – 13 November 1908 | |
Prime Minister | Alfred Deakin |
Preceded by | Thomas Playford |
Succeeded by | George Pearce |
Minister for Home Affairs | |
In office 12 October 1906 – 24 January 1907 | |
Prime Minister | Alfred Deakin |
Preceded by | Littleton Groom |
Succeeded by | John Keating |
Member of the Australian Parliament for Richmond | |
In office 29 March 1901 – 19 February 1910 | |
Preceded by | New seat |
Succeeded by | Walter Massy-Greene |
Personal details | |
Born | Pitt Town, New South Wales, Australia | 9 October 1856
Died | 15 September 1920 63) Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia | (aged
Political party | Protectionist (to 1909) Liberal (from 1909) |
Spouse(s) | Margaret Russell McCabe |
Relations | Norman Ewing (brother) John Ewing (brother) |
Occupation | Surveyor |
Early life
Ewing was born at Pitt Town, New South Wales to clergyman Thomas Campbell Ewing and Elizabeth, née Thomson. Despite an intention to study for the Bar, he joined a surveyor's party at the age of 17, and became a licensed surveyor with the New South Wales Department of Lands in 1877. He married Margaret Russell MacCabe on 1 October 1879 at Wollongong, with whom he had three sons and two daughters, known as, Francis Peter Ewing born 1880, olive Margaret Ewing born in 1882, Thomas Campbell Ewing born in 1884, Helen M Ewing born in 1892, Colin Ewing born in 1894.[1]
State politics
In 1885 Ewing left the Lands Department to stand, successfully, for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, representing the seat of Richmond. Although he was a "theoretical" supporter of free trade, he became a supporter of moderate protectionism, and, while a supporter of female suffrage, was an opponent of non-European immigration. In 1894 he transferred to the seat of Lismore, and became known as an independently minded member. A popular member, he became involved in Sydney's hydro-electricity scheme, fiscal policy and Federation, where he was a supporter of Sir Henry Parkes, Sir George Dibbs and Sir Patrick Jennings.[1][2]
Federal politics
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Ewing moved to federal politics in 1901, entering the Australian House of Representatives as the Protectionist member for Richmond. In the second administration of Alfred Deakin he was Vice-President of the Executive Council (1905–06), Minister for Home Affairs (1906–07), and Minister for Defence (1907–08). A strong supporter of the White Australia Policy and of compulsory military training, Ewing organised a scheme for such compulsory training, which was the basis of the 1909 Defence Act. Ewing retired from politics in 1910 due to ill health, and began farming on the Tweed River.
Ewing was an amiable and well-liked politician who had a gift for telling stories, of which he wrote many. He also wrote scholarly works and published Progress of Australasia During the Nineteenth Century with Sir Timothy Coghlan in 1903, and Review of the Rival Railway Schemes for the Connection of the Tableland of New England with a Deep Sea Port on the North Coast in 1913. Often scornful of the "titled mediocrities" of parliament, he was nonetheless knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1908; this was said to have been recommended by Alfred Deakin as a joke, and, according to colleague Richard Crouch, Ewing took it as such.
Later life
Ewing had little part in public life after his 1910 retirement. He died of heart and kidney disease in a Darlinghurst hospital on 15 September 1920. His younger brothers John and Norman also had distinguished political careers.
References
- Walsh, G. P. (1981). "Ewing, Sir Thomas Thomson (1856–1920)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Melbourne University Press. ISSN 1833-7538. Retrieved 25 August 2007 – via National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
- "Sir Thomas Thomson Ewing, KCMG (1856–1920)". Former Members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
Political offices | ||
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Preceded by James Drake |
Vice-President of the Executive Council 1905–1906 |
Succeeded by John Keating |
Preceded by Littleton Groom |
Minister for Home Affairs 1906–1907 | |
Preceded by Thomas Playford II |
Minister for Defence 1907–1908 |
Succeeded by George Pearce |
New South Wales Legislative Assembly | ||
Preceded by Samuel Gray |
Member for Richmond 1885–1894 Served alongside: Hogan/Crouch/Nicoll, None/Perry |
Succeeded by Robert Pyers |
Preceded by New seat |
Member for Lismore 1894–1901 |
Succeeded by John Coleman |
Parliament of Australia | ||
New title | Member for Richmond 1901–1910 |
Succeeded by Walter Massy-Greene |