Thracian kingdom (Roman vassal state)

The Thracian kingdom, alternatively also the Sapaean kingdom, was an ancient Thracian state in the southeastern Balkans that existed from the middle of the 1st century BC to 46 AD. It was dominated by the Sapaean tribe, who ruled from their capital Bizye in what is now northwestern Turkey. Initially only of limited relevance, its power grew significantly after the battle of Actium in 31 BC, when Emperor Augustus installed a new dynasty that proved to be highly loyal and expansive. Conquering and ruling much of Thrace on Roman behalf, it lasted until 46 AD, when Emperor Claudius annexed the kingdom and made Thrace a Roman province.

For the classical Thracian kingdom, see Odrysian kingdom.
Coin of Rhoemetalces I (r. 11 BC–12 AD). The obverse shows Rhoemetalces and his wife Pythodoris, the reverse Emperor Augustus.

Literature
  • Delev, Peter (2016a). "Between Pharsalus and Philippi. Thrace in the Forties BC". Thracia. 21: 49–59. ISSN 0204-9872.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Delev, Peter (2016b). "Cotys Son of Rhascuporis". Monuments and Texts in Antiquity and Beyond. Essays for the Centenary of Georgi Mihailov (1915–1991). St. Kliment Ohridski University. pp. 119–129. ISBN 978-954-07-4103-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Delev, Peter (2018). "Did a "Late" Odrysian Kingdom ever exist?". Atephanos Archaeological ad 80 annum professoris Ludmili Getov. St. Kliment Ohridski University. pp. 191–196.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Kolev, Philip (2017). "Bizye. From Tribal Residence to Roman City". Cities in Southeastern Thrace. Continuity and Transformation. St. Kliment Ohridski University. pp. 125–130. ISBN 978-954-07-4275-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Lozanov, Ivaylo (2015). "Roman Thrace". In Valeva, Julia; Nankov, Emil; Graninger, Danver (eds.). A Companion to Ancient Thrace. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 75–90. ISBN 978-1444351040.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Matei-Popescu, Florian (2018). "The Thracian strategiae in Scythia Minor". Society, Kings, Gods. In memoriam professoris Margaritae Tachevae. St. Kliment Ohridski University. pp. 107–118. ISBN 978-954-07-4417-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Terziev, Stoyan (2017). "The cities in Southeastern Thrace and the central government under the last Thracian Kings (27 BC—AD 45)". In Daniela Stoyаnova; Grigor Boykov; Ivaylo Lozanov (eds.). Cities in southeastern Thrace. Continuity and Transformation. St. Kliment Ohridski University. pp. 131–140. ISBN 978-954-07-4275-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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