Timeline of Prague
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Prague, Czech Republic.
Prior to 16th century
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- 870 CE – Prague Castle founded
- 973
- St. George's Convent established in Prague Castle.
- St. George's Basilica building expanded.
- 1085 – Coronation of Vratislaus II of Bohemia.
- 1172 – Judith Bridge built.
- 1235 – City wall constructed.[1]
- 1270 – Great Synagogue built.[2]
- 1344 – Catholic Archdiocese of Prague established.[3]
- 1345 – University of Prague founded.[4]
- 1347 - The black death killed millions.
- 1347 – 2 September: Coronation of Charles IV as King of Bohemia; Prague becomes capital of the Holy Roman Empire.
- 1348 – New Town founded outside Prague city walls.[5]
- 1354 - Public clock installed (approximate date).[6]
- 1363 – St. Wenceslas Chapel built
- 1370 – Tyn Church construction begins.[7]
- 1386 – Karolinum rebuilt.
- 1391 – Bethlehem Chapel built.[5]
- 1398 – Town Hall built in New Town.
- 1410 – Astronomical clock installed in City Hall.[8]
- 1419 – Defenestration (political unrest).[9]
- 1458 – Coronation of George of Poděbrady as King of Bohemia.[7]
- 1475 – Powder Tower built.[7]
- 1478 - Printing press in operation.[10]
16th-18th centuries
- 1501 - Czech-language Protestant hymnal published.[11]
- 1503 – Charles Bridge built.[1]
- 1580 - Loew reportedly invents the Golem of Prague.[12]
- 1604 - October: Kepler observes a Milky Way supernova.
- 1618 – 23 May: 2nd Prague defenestration sparked off the Thirty Years' War.[1]
- 1621 – 21 June: Execution of 27 Czech nobles on the Old Town Square as a consequence of the Battle of White Mountain.[1]
- 1635 – 30 May: City hosts signing of the Peace of Prague (1635).
- 1648 – West bank of Prague (including the Prague Castle) occupied and looted by Swedish armies.[1]
- 1650 – Column of the Virgin erected in Old Town Square.[7]
- 1724 – Sporck theatre active.
- 1738 – Palais Sylva-Tarouca built on Na příkopě.[7]
- 1739 – Kotzentheater active.
- 1741 – November: Occupation by French-Bavarian armies.[1]
- 1742 – Siege of Prague (1742).
- 1744 – City occupied by Prussian forces.[5]
- 1755 – St. Nicholas Church built.
- 1757
- 6 May: Battle of Prague (1757).[9][13]
- May–June: Siege of Prague.
- 1765 – Goltz Palace built.
- 1783 – Nostitz Theatre opens.[14]
- 1784 – Administration of Hradčany, Malá Strana, New Town, and Old Town unified as one city.
- 1787
- 19 January: Premiere of Mozart's Prague Symphony.
- 29 October: Premiere of Mozart's opera Don Giovanni.[14]
- 1791
- 6 September: Coronation of Leopold II as King of Bohemia.
- 6 September: Premiere of Mozart's La clemenza di Tito.[14]
- 1796
- Lithography invented.[11]
- Academy of Fine Arts and the Picture Gallery established.
19th century
- 1813 – July–October: City hosts meeting of the Coalition forces of the Napoleonic Wars.[9]
- 1819 – Bohemian Museum founded.[15]
- 1825 – Savings bank established.[16]
- 1841 – Bridge of Francis I built.[17]
- 1847 – Austrian National Bank branch opens.[16]
- 1848
- 2–12 June: Prague Slavic Congress, 1848 held.
- 17 June: Revolutionary uprising near Prague crushed by imperial army.[18]
- Old Town Hall rebuilt.[7]
- 1850
- 1851 - Prague City Archives established.
- 1857
- 1862
- Sokol sport club founded.
- Provisional Theatre opens.
- 1866 – City hosts signing of the Peace of Prague (1866).[9]
- 1868
- Živnostenská banka (bank) founded.[19]
- Spanish Synagogue built.
- 1876 – Prager Tagblatt German-language newspaper begins publication.
- 1877 – Premiere of Dvořák's Symphonic Variations.
- 1879 – Anglo-Austrian Bank branch established.[20]
- 1880 – Population: 293,822 metro.[21]
- 1882 – Charles University reorganized into German- and Czech-language institutions.[15]
- 1883
- Vyšehrad becomes part of city.[1]
- Czech Theatre built.[21]
- National Theatre Ballet founded.
- 1884
- Café Slavia opens.
- Holešovice-Bubna becomes part of city.[1]
- 1885
- Rudolfinum (concert hall) inaugurated.
- Museum of Decorative Arts founded.
- 1888 – Neues Deutsches Theater opens.
- 1890
- 2 February: Premiere of Dvořák's Symphony No. 8.
- September: Flood.[21]
- Population: 182,530.[21]
- 1891
- Petřín Lookout Tower and Bohemian Museum building constructed.[22]
- Hanavský Pavilion built in Letná Park.
- General Land Centennial Exhibition (1891) held.
- 1896
- Czech Philharmonic established.
- Population: 189,157; metro 368,490.[23]
- 1898
- 1900 – Old Prague Society founded.[25]
20th century
- 1901
- 1906
- Prague-Velká Chuchle Racecourse opens.
- Jewish Museum founded.
- Population: 460,849 metro.[1]
- 1907 – Vinohrady Theatre inaugurated.
- 1908
- May–June: City hosts Prague 1908 chess tournament.
- 19 September: Premiere of Mahler's Symphony No. 7.
- 1909 - Smíchov becomes part of Prague.
- 1910 - Population: 223,741.[26]
- 1911 – St.-Antonius-von-Padua-Kirche (church) built on Bubenská-Platz.
- 1916 – May: City premiere of Janáček's Jenůfa.
- 1918
- Kino Světozor (cinema) opens.[27]
- October: City becomes capital of Czechoslovakia.[9]
- 1921 – Communist Party of Czechoslovakia headquartered in city.
- 1922
- 1930 – Population: 848,823.[9]
- 1931 – Prague Zoo opens.
- 1934 - Prague Symphony Orchestra founded.[28]
- 1939
- March: Nazi German occupation of city begins.[9]
- City becomes seat of German Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.[5]
- 1942 – 27 May: German official Reinhard Heydrich assassinated; Nazis respond with wave of terror.
- 1945
- 14 February: Bombing of Prague in World War II.
- 5–8 May: Prague uprising against the Nazi German occupants during the last days of World War II.
- 6–11 May: Prague Offensive: arrival of the Red Army; Nazi German occupation ends.
- Expulsion of German citizens
- Academy of Performing Arts in Prague established.
- 1946
- Prague Spring International Music Festival begins.[29]
- Faculty of Theatre established.
- 1948
- February: 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état.
- May: City hosts The Second International Congress of Composers and Music Critics 1948.
- 1952
- 1954 – Bethlehem Chapel reconstructed.[5]
- 1958 – Theatre on the Balustrade founded.
- 1955 – Stalin Monument unveiled at Letná Park.
- 1957 – Reduta Jazz Club opens on Národní.
- 1962 - Stalin Monument destroyed.
- 1964 – Prague Ballet active.[30]
- 1968 – Prague Spring; Soviet crackdown.[31]
- 1969
- Jan Palach's self-immolation.
- City becomes capital of the Czech Socialist Republic.
- 1970 – Prague Chamber Ballet founded.[30]
- 1973 – 11 December: City hosts signing of the Treaty of Prague (1973).
- 1974 - Population: 1,095,615.[32]
- 1978 – Charles Bridge pedestrianized.
- 1985 - Population: 1,190,576 (estimate).[33]
- 1989 – November–December: Velvet Revolution.[34]
- 1990 – City divided into 56 districts.
- 1991
- School of International Relations, University of Economics in Prague established.
- Prager Zeitung German-language newspaper begins publication.
- Prague Metronome erected.
- 1992
- Žižkov Television Tower erected.
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic headquartered in city.
- 1993 – 1 January: Prague becomes capital of the Czech Republic.[5]
- 1995 – U.S. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty headquartered in city.[35]
- 1996
- City hosts World Congress of Esperanto; manifesto drafted.
- Dancing House built.
- 1997 – Via Foundation headquartered in city.
- 1998 – University of New York in Prague established.
- 1999 - Prague Mosque built.[36]
21st century
- 2001 – Prague Fringe Festival begins.
- 2002
- August: Prague suffers from flooding, parts of the city evacuated, many historic archives damaged but no major landmarks destroyed.[35]
- Broadway Theatre (Prague) opens.
- Prague Security Studies Institute established.[37]
- November: City hosts NATO summit.
- 2007 – The Codex Gigas returns to Prague after 379 years
- 2009 – 5 April: U.S. president gives speech on nuclear disarmament.[38]
- 2010 – September: Economic protest.[35]
- 2011 – Population: 1,262,106; metro 2,300,000.
- 2013
- 29 April: 2013 Prague explosion.
- Tomáš Hudeček becomes mayor.
- 2014 Adriana Krnáčová becomes mayor.
See also
- History of Prague
- List of mayors of Prague
- List of rulers of Bohemia, 9th-20th century, official residence in Prague
- Timelines of other cities in the Czech Republic: Brno
References
- Britannica 1910.
- "Prague". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. New York: Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- C. Wolfsgruber (1913). "Archdiocese of Prague". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York.
- Karl Hilgenreiner (1913). "University of Prague". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York.
- Jiří Hochman (1998). Historical Dictionary of the Czech State. USAv: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-3338-8.
- Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum (1996). "The First Public Clocks". History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Baedeker 1911.
- Colum Hourihane, ed. (2012). "Clocks". Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-539536-5.
- Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 908, OL 5812502M
- Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Austria-Hungary: Prag". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450632 – via HathiTrust.
- Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN 0824209583.
- "Brief History (timeline)", AI Topics, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, retrieved 30 April 2015
- Franz A.J. Szabo (2013). "Chronology of Major Events". The Seven Years War in Europe: 1756-1763. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-88697-6.
- Roger Parker, ed. (2001). Oxford Illustrated History of Opera. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-285445-2.
- Mitchell G. Ash; Jan Surman, eds. (2012). The Nationalization of Scientific Knowledge in the Habsburg Empire, 1848-1918. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-28987-1.
- Gyorgy Kover (1992). "Austro-Hungarian Banking System". In Rondo Cameron; V.I. Bovykin (eds.). International Banking 1870-1914. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-534512-4.
- Murray 1903.
- Haydn 1910.
- Richard L. Rudolph (1976). Banking and Industrialization in Austria-Hungary: The Role of Banks in the Industrialization of the Czech Crownlands, 1873-1914. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-08847-3.
- Great Britain. Foreign Office (1880). "Austria-Hungary". Reports from Her Majesty's Consuls on the Manufactures, Commerce, &c. of Their Consular Districts. London: Harrison and Sons.
- Chambers 1901.
- Lützow 1902.
- Statistisches Handbuch 1897.
- "Austria-Hungary-Czecho-Slovakia". International Banking Directory. Bankers Publishing Company. 1920.
- Miles Glendinning (2013). The Conservation Movement: A History of Architectural Preservation. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-49999-6.
- "Austria-Hungary: Austria". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1913. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368374.
- "Movie Theaters in Prague, Czech Republic". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
- Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
- "European Festivals Association". Gent, Belgium. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- Vladimir Vasut (1994). "Czech Republic". In Don Rubin; et al. (eds.). World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Europe. Routledge. pp. 196–210. ISBN 9780415251570.
- Eric Roman (2003). "Chronologies: Czechoslovakia: People's Republic 1943-1993". Austria-Hungary & the Successor States: a Reference Guide. Facts on File. p. 622+. ISBN 978-0-8160-7469-3.
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
Praha
- "Global Nonviolent Action Database". Pennsylvania, USA: Swarthmore College. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- "Czech Republic Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- Jørgen S. Nielsen; et al., eds. (2009). Yearbook of Muslims in Europe. 1. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-17505-1.
- "Think Tank Directory". Philadelphia, USA: Foreign Policy Research Institute. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- "Country Profiles: United States: Nuclear". USA: Nuclear Threat Initiative. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
Bibliography
in English
- Abraham Rees (1819), "Prague", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
- David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Prague". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
- Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Prague". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. 4. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064810.
- David Kay (1880), "Principal Towns: Prague", Austria-Hungary, Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030647005
- "Prague", Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-book to Germany and Austria, London: W.J. Adams & Sons, 1896
- Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Prague", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England, Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555
- "Prague". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
- Francis Lützow (1902), Prague, Mediaeval Towns, London: J.M. Dent & Co., OCLC 150311124
- "Prague". Handbook for Travellers in South Germany and Austria (15th ed.). London: J. Murray. 1903.
- "Prague", Jewish Encyclopedia, 10, New York, 1907, hdl:2027/osu.32435029752854
- "Prague", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Prague", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
- "Prague", Austria-Hungary (11th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911
- Geoffrey Moorhouse (1980), Prague, Great Cities, Time-Life Books, OL 20601092M
- Rob Humphreys (1992), Prague, London: Rough Guides, OL 24217161M
- Prague City Guide, Lonely Planet, 1994
- Agata Anna Lisiak (2010). Urban Cultures in (Post)colonial Central Europe. Purdue University Press. ISBN 978-1-55753-573-3. (about Berlin, Budapest, Prague, Warsaw)
in Czech
- Edvard Herold (1884). Malebné cesty po Praze [Picturesque Walks through Prague] (in Czech). Praze: Tiskem a nákladem E. Grégra. v.2, Malá Strana, 1896
- Václav Vladivoj Tomek (1892), Dějepis města Prahy [History of the Town of Prague] (in Czech), V Praze: Nákl. knihkupectví Fr. ŘivnáčeCS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Jan Dolenský (1903), Praha ve své sláv i utrpení [Prague in Good Times and Bad] (in Czech), V Praze: Nakladatel B. Kocí, OL 23326708M
in German
- "Prag". Topographia Bohemiae, Moraviae et Silesiae. Topographia Germaniae (in German). 1650.
- "Prag", Wien [Vienna ... and parts of Austria-Hungary], Meyers Reisebücher (in German), Hildburghausen: Bibliographisches Institut, 1873
- Statistická Komise, Prague (1900). Statistisches Handbuch der königlichen Hauptstadt Prague ... 1897 [Statistical Handbook for the City of Prague ... 1897] (in German). Prag.
- O. Klauber, ed. (1902). Prag und Umgebungen [Prague and Surroundings] (in German) (12th ed.). Berlin: Albert Goldschmidt.
External links
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