Torkil
Torkils (also Torks, Cyrillic: торки) were a Turkic tribe of the Middle Ages, of Oghuz[1] origins. The Torkils, alongsides Kipchak (Berendei), and also such tribes as Ulichi, Pechenegs, etc., formed the Chornye Klobuki ("Black Hats", Turkic "Karakalpak"), semi-nomadic tribes who fought as border guards for various princes of Kievan Rus,.[2]
In 1177 a Cuman army, allied with Ryazan, sacked six cities belonging to the Berendei and Torkil.
In Ukraine, many placenames trace to Torks, such as Torchesk, Torchyn, rivers Torets and Torch, Torsky way along the river Tetilha, villages Torets, Torky, Toretske.
Sources
- Pritsak O. (1975). "The Pechenegs, A Case of Social and Economic Transformation", Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 1:211 - 236, ISBN 90-316-0122-5
- Akhmetova, Zhanculu et al. Kipchak Ethnoyms in the "Tale of Bygone Years" in International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue 06, 2020
Further reading
- (in Russian) Golubovsky Peter V. (1884) Pechenegs, Torks and Cumans before the invasion of the Tatars. History of the South Russian steppes 9th-13th centuries (Печенеги, Торки и Половцы до нашествия татар. История южно-русских степей IX—XIII вв.) at Runivers.ru in DjVu format
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