Triethyl citrate

Triethyl citrate is an ester of citric acid. It is a colorless, odorless liquid used as a food additive (E number E1505) to stabilize foams, especially as whipping aid for egg white.[4] It is also used in pharmaceutical coatings and plastics.[5]

Triethyl citrate[1]
Names
IUPAC name
Triethyl citrate[2]
Preferred IUPAC name
Triethyl 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
Other names
Ethyl citrate
E1505
Citric acid ethyl ester
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.974
EC Number
  • 201-070-7
E number E1505 (additional chemicals)
UNII
Properties
C12H20O7
Molar mass 276.283 g/mol
Appearance Oily liquid
Density 1.137 g/mL at 25 °C
Melting point −55 °C (−67 °F; 218 K)[3]
Boiling point 294 °C (561 °F; 567 K) at 1 atm
235 °C at 150 mmHg
65 g/L[3]
-161.9·10−6 cm3/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Triethyl citrate is also used as a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and similar plastics.[6]

Triethyl citrate has been used as a pseudo-emulsifier in e-cigarette juices.[7] It functions essentially like lecithin used in food products, but with the possibility of vaporization which lecithin does not have.

References

  1. Triethyl citrate at Sigma-Aldrich
  2. 'citric acid' is listed as a valid, expert-verified IUPAC name for 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid on ChemSpider.
  3. Record of Triethyl citrate in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
  4. William J. Stadelman; Owen J. Cotterill (1995). Egg Science and Technology. Haworth Press. ISBN 1-56022-855-5.
  5. Pharmaceutical Coatings Bulletin 102-4, morflex.com
  6. Hwan-Man Park; Manjusri Misra; Lawrence T. Drzal & Amar K. Mohanty (2004). ""Green" Nanocomposites from Cellulose Acetate Bioplastic and Clay: Effect of Eco-Friendly Triethyl Citrate Plasticizer". Biomacromolecules. 5 (6): 2281–2288. doi:10.1021/bm049690f. PMID 15530043.
  7. Erythropel, Hanno C; Anastas, Paul T; Krishnan-Sarin, Suchitra; O'Malley, Stephanie S; Jordt, Sven Eric; Zimmerman, Julie B (2020-04-27). "Differences in flavourant levels and synthetic coolant use between USA, EU and Canadian Juul products". Tobacco Control: tobaccocontrol–2019–055500. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055500. ISSN 0964-4563. PMC 7606218. PMID 32341193.


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