Type 3 heavy machine gun
The Type 3 heavy machine gun (三年式重機関銃, San-nen-shiki juu-kikanjuu), also known as the Taishō 14 machine gun,[1] was a Japanese air-cooled heavy machine gun.
| Type 3 machine gun | |
|---|---|
 Type 3 (Taishō 14) heavy machine gun. Musée de l'Armée, Paris | |
| Type | Heavy machine gun |
| Place of origin |  Empire of Japan |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1914–1945 |
| Used by | See Users |
| Wars | World War I Warlord Era Second Sino-Japanese War Soviet–Japanese border conflicts World War II First Indochina War Korean War Vietnam War |
| Production history | |
| Designer | Kijiro Nambu |
| Designed | 1914 |
| Produced | 1914-1932 |
| Variants | Modelo 1920 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 55 kg (121 lb 4 oz) |
| Length | 119.8 cm (3 ft 11.2 in) |
| Barrel length | 737 mm (2 ft 5 in) |
| Cartridge | 6.5x50mm Arisaka 7×57mm Mauser |
| Rate of fire | 400-450 rounds per minute |
| Muzzle velocity | 740 m/s (2,400 ft/s) |
| Maximum firing range | 4 km (2.5 mi) |
| Feed system | 30 round Hotchkiss-style feed strip |
Design
The Type 3 heavy machine gun was based on the design of the Hotchkiss M1914. Although the Hotchkiss used 8mm cartridges, from 1914 Japan produced the Type 3 under license from Hotchkiss using the 6.5x50mm Arisaka ammunition.[2]
A Type 3 on a makeshift anti-aerial tripod
It used an ammo strip for loading rounds. Its tripod could be used as an anti-aircraft mounting, and special anti-aircraft sights were provided.
Users
Chile: Chile bought several hundred Type 3 machine guns in 7×57mm Mauser as Modelo 1920. Barrels were manufactured in France by Hotchkiss but most of the weapon was made at the Kokura arsenal.[3].svg.png.webp)
China: Purchased for Chang Tso-lin's Fengtian Army.[4] Later used by the Collaborationist Chinese Army[5]- Japan[6]
North Korea: It was used by the Korean People's Army during the Korean War.[7]
Manchukuo[8].svg.png.webp)
North Vietnam[9]
Notes
- Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns David Miller p.478
- Musée de l'Armée, Paris
- Legendre, Jean-François (July 2009). "Feed Strips for Japanese MGs". Small Arms Review. Vol. 12 no. 10.
- Chinese Warlord Armies 1911-30 by Philip Jowett, page 22.
- Jowett 2004, p. 86.
- "Type 3 Type 92 Heavy Machine Guns - Japan". 2010-10-27.
- Kinard, Jeff (2010). "Machine guns". In Tucker, Spencer C.; Pierpaoli, Paul G., Jr. (eds.). The Encyclopedia of the Korean War: A Political, Social, and Military History. 1. A-L (2nd ed.). ABC-CLIO. p. 535. ISBN 978-1-85109-849-1.
- Jowett, Philip S. (2004). Rays of the rising sun : armed forces of Japan's Asian allies, 1931-45. 1, China & Manchukuo. Helion. p. 15. ISBN 9781906033781.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- "Vũ khí Việt Nam trong hai cuộc kháng chiến". www.quansuvn.net. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
Bibliography
- McNab, Chris (2004). Twentieth-century Small Arms. Grange Books. p. 186. ISBN 1-84013-381-3.
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