USRA Light Mikado

The USRA Light Mikado was a USRA standard class of steam locomotive designed under the control of the United States Railroad Administration, the nationalized railroad system in the United States during World War I. This was the standard light freight locomotive of the USRA types, and was of 2-8-2 wheel arrangement in the Whyte notation, or 1′D1′ in UIC classification.

A USRA Light Mikado type locomotive donated to the Museum of Transportation by the Chicago and Illinois Midland Railway
USRA Light Mikado
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
BuilderALCO, Baldwin, Lima
Build date1918-1929
Total produced698 originals plus 641 copies
Specifications
Configuration:
  Whyte2-8-2
  UIC1′D1′ h2
Gauge4 ft 8 12 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Leading dia.33 in (0.838 m)
Driver dia.63 in (1.600 m)
Trailing dia.43 in (1.092 m)
Wheelbaselocomotive: 36 ft 1 in (11.00 m)
+ tender: 71 ft 4 12 in (21.76 m)
Adhesive weight220,000 lb (99,800 kg)[1]
Loco weight292,000 lb (132,000 kilograms; 132 metric tons)
Tender weight185,400 lb (84,100 kilograms; 84.1 metric tons)
Total weight477,400 lb (216,500 kilograms; 216.5 metric tons)
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacity16 t (16 long tons; 18 short tons)
Water cap10,000 US gal (38,000 l; 8,300 imp gal)
Boiler pressure200 psi (1.38 MPa)
CylindersTwo
Cylinder size26 in × 30 in (660 mm × 762 mm)
Valve gearWalschaerts
Performance figures
Maximum speed30-59 Mph
Tractive effort54,724 lbf (243.42 kN)
Career
Preserved7
General arrangement drawing.

A total of 698 locomotives were built under the auspices of the USRA,[1] with a further 641 copies built after the end of the USRA's control. The first, for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, was completed in July 1918 and given #4500. The locomotives were considered well designed and modern, and were popular and successful. Large numbers remained in service until replaced by diesel locomotives. It was also called the McAdoo Mikado after William Gibbs McAdoo, head of the USRA.

With later copies, over 50 railroads used the type, including the following:

Table of original USRA allocation[2]
RailroadQuantityClassRoad numbersNotes
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
100
Q-3
4500–4599
[3]
Chicago and Alton Railroad
10
L-4
875–884
to Alton Railroad 4385–4394, class Q-8[4]
Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad
15
N-2
1925–1939
[5]
Chicago Great Western Railway
10
L-3
750–759
[6]
Chicago, Indianapolis and Louisville Railroad ("Monon")
5
J-2
550–554
[7]
Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad
9 (+11 from T&P)
K-55
2300–2308, 2309–2319
[8]
Grand Trunk Railway
15
M-3
440–454
to Canadian National Railway 3700–3714, class S-3-a[9]
Grand Trunk Western Railroad
25
M-3
455–479
to Canadian National Railway 3715–3739, class S-3-a[9]
Lehigh and Hudson River Railway
4
80
80–83
[10]
Louisville and Nashville Railroad
18
J-3
1500–1517
[11]
Maine Central Railroad
6
S
621–626
[12]
Missouri Pacific Railroad
15 (+10 from PRR)
MK-63
1301–1315, 1316–1325
[13]
Monongahela Railway
10
170-179
Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway
10
L2-55
650–659
[14]
New York Central Railroad
95
H-6a
5100–5194
Renumberd 1800–1894, less 11 to PM[15]
New York Central subsidiary Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway
25
H-6a
6089–6113
Renumbered 1700–1724[15]
New York Central subsidiary Indiana Harbor Belt Railroad
24
H-6a
400–423
[15] 10 to SLSF, others to PM
New York Central subsidiary Lake Erie and Western Railroad
15
H-6a
5540–5554
to Nickel Plate Road 586–600[15][16]
New York Central subsidiary Michigan Central Railroad
20
H-6a
7970–7989
Renumbered 1770–1789[15]
New York Central subsidiary Toledo and Ohio Central Railroad
15
H-6a
9732–9746
Renumbered 1732–1736[15]
New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railway ("Nickel Plate Road")
10
H-6a
601–610
[16]
Pennsylvania Railroad
(33)
20006-20038
Refused;[17] 10 to MP,[13] 23 to SLSF
Pennsylvania Railroad subsidiary Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad
5
L2s
108-112
renumbered PRR 9627-9631 [17]
Pere Marquette Railway
(30)
K-8
1011–1040
Acquired secondhand from IHB (14), NYC (11) and WAB (5).[18] To C&O 2350–2379
Pittsburgh and West Virginia Railway
3
1000-1002
Rutland Railway
6
H-6a
32–37
[19]
Seaboard Air Line Railroad
10
Q-1
390–399
[20]
St. Louis – San Francisco Railway
(23 from PRR, 10 from IHB)
4000
4000–4032
[21]
Southern Railway
25
Ms-1
4750–4774
[22] 4765–4775 to subsidiary Cincinnati, New Orleans and Texas Pacific Railway 6285–6294 in 1920
Texas and Pacific Railway
11
H-1
550–560
Refused; to Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific[23]
Union Pacific Railroad
20
MK-Spl
2295–2314
[24] Renumbered 2480–2499 in 1920
Union Pacific subsidiary Oregon Short Line Railroad
20
2535-2554
Wabash Railroad
20
K-2
2201–2220
5 to PM, replaced by 5 from WP[25]
Western Pacific Railroad
5
MK-55
321–325
to Wabash in 1920[26]
Totals698

Copies:

Table of USRA copies
RailroadQuantityClassRoad numbersNotes
Akron, Canton and Youngstown Railroad7
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad74
Canadian National Railway (Grand Trunk (Western))
18
S-3
3740-3757
[27]
Chesapeake and Ohio Railway3
Chicago and Alton Railroad
5
L-4a
885–889
to Alton Railroad 4395–4399, class Q-8a[4]
Chicago and Illinois Midland Railway9
Detroit and Toledo Shore Line Railroad11
Florida East Coast Railway
15
701
701–715
[28]
Kansas, Oklahoma and Gulf Railway1
Louisville and Nashville Railroad
75
J-3
1518–1592
[11]
Midland Valley Railroad16
Missouri Pacific subsidiary International-Great Northern Railroad
10
MK-63
1101–1110
[13]
Mobile and Ohio Railroad
37
450
450–486
[29]
Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México56
Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway
12
L2A-55
660–671
[14]
New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railway ("Nickel Plate Road")
61
H-6b–H-6f
611–671
[16]
Oklahoma City-Ada-Atoka Railway68
Pere Marquette Railway
10
K-5
1041–1050
to C&O 1060–1069[18]
Seaboard Air Line Railroad
118
Q-3
334–451
[20]
Southern Railway subsidiary Alabama Great Southern Railroad
10
Ms-1
6612–6621
[22]
Texas and Pacific Railway
11
H-2
800–810
[23]
West Point Route (Atlanta and West Point Rail Road)
3
F
425–427
[30]
West Point Route (Georgia Railroad)
7
F
320–326
[30]
West Point Route (Western Railway of Alabama)
4
F
375–378
[30]
Total641

Nine USRA light mikados both originals and copies are preserved. These are Frisco 4003 at the Fort Smith Trolley Museum in Fort Smith, Arkansas, Frisco 4018 at the Sloss Furness in Birmingham, Alabama, Nickel Plate Road 587 at the Indiana Transportation Museum in Noblesville, Indiana, Nickel Plate Road 624 at Hammond, Indiana, but is now being relocated to Headwaters Junction,[31] Nickel Plate Road 639 in Miller Park at Bloomington, Illinois, Baltimore and Ohio 4500 at the B&O Railroad Museum in Baltimore, Maryland, Grand Trunk Western 4070 at Midwest Railway Preservation Society in Cleveland, Ohio, Union Pacific 2537 at Jefferson Park in Walla Walla, Washington, and C&IM 551 at the St. Louis Transportation Museum.

References

  1. Drury p.409
  2. "USRA Locomotives". Steamlocomotive.com. Retrieved 2009-02-25.
  3. Drury pp.39–40, 47
  4. Drury pp.436, 438
  5. Drury pp.440–442
  6. Drury pp.107, 110
  7. Drury pp.112–113
  8. Drury pp.125, 129
  9. Edson & Corley p.168
  10. Drury pp.213–214
  11. Drury pp.227, 230
  12. Drury pp.233, 235
  13. Drury pp.248, 254
  14. Drury pp.258, 260
  15. Drury pp.268, 278
  16. Drury pp.281, 286–287
  17. Drury pp.322, 328
  18. Drury pp.80, 88
  19. Drury pp.338–339
  20. Drury pp.349, 353
  21. Drury pp.342, 345
  22. Drury pp.369, 372–373
  23. Drury pp.387, 390
  24. Drury pp.397, 402
  25. Drury pp.420, 422
  26. Drury pp.430–431
  27. Clegg, Anthony & Corley, Ray (1969). Canadian National Steam Power. Trains & Trolleys: Montreal. pp. 91–95.
  28. Drury p.185
  29. Drury p.256
  30. Drury pp.30–31
  31. "Nickel Plate Road no. 624 – Fort Wayne Railroad Historical Society". Retrieved 2020-12-03.

Bibliography

  • Drury, George H. (1993), Guide to North American Steam Locomotives, Waukesha, Wisconsin: Kalmbach Publishing Company, ISBN 0-89024-206-2, LCCN 93041472
  • Edson, William D.; Corley, Raymond F. "Locomotives of the Grand Trunk Railway". Railroad History. Boston, MA: The Railway and Locomotive Historical Society, Inc. (147). ISSN 0090-7847.
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