Ulmus 'Karagatch'

Ulmus 'Karagatch' is a hybrid cultivar from Turkestan (from a region now part of Turkmenistan), selected in the early 20th century and considered either a backcrossing of U. × androssowii and U. pumila, or simply a cultivar of × androssowii. It was grown from seeds, introduced from Bairam Ali in Russian Turkestan by Arthur P. Davis in the 1930s, as U. 'Karagatch', under which name it was planted at Kew.[1][2]

Ulmus 'Karagatch'
'Karagatch' at Kew Gardens, 2007
GenusUlmus
Hybrid parentageU. pumila × U. 'Androssowii'?
Cultivar'Karagatch'
OriginKazakhstan

Description

The Kew specimen had the appearance of a northern European field elm, more tall than broad.[1] 'Karagatch' was described by the US Department of Agriculture (1917) as a "rapid-growing elm", suitable for semi-arid regions, with harder wood than that of American Elm.[2]

  • 'Karagatch' at Kew Gardens, 1990

Pests and diseases

No information available.

Cultivation

'Karagatch' was present at Kew and in The Hague from the early 1930s.[3] The Kew specimen was felled in 2015 as 'unsafe'. It was cloned and remains in cultivation (see 'Accessions').

Etymology

The name 'karagatch' (:'black tree' in the Turkic languages, widely used for 'elm') has historically also been applied to U. minor 'Umbraculifera' (syn. U. densa) from the same region , and more loosely to field elm found in Turkey and to U. pumila found in Mongolia.[4]

Accessions

North America
  • Morton Arboretum, US. As Ulmus × androssowii × U. pumila hybrid. Acc. no. 353-72

Europe
  • Grange Farm Arboretum, Lincolnshire, UK. Acc. details not known.
  • Wijdemeren City Council, Netherlands. Elm collection, ‘s-Gravelandsevaartweg, Loosdrecht, five trees planted 2016

References
  1. More, D. & White, J. (2013). Illustrated Trees of Britain and Northern Europe,  p.409. Cassells, London.
  2. New Plant Introductions: Descriptions of Imported Seeds and Plants, US Dept. of Agriculture, Washington 1917
  3. bioportal.naturalis.nl, specimen L.1582328
  4. de Roerich, G. (1931). Trails to Inmost Asia. Yale University Press.
  • "Herbarium specimen - L.1582328". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Juvenile long shoot (?); sheet described as 'Karagatch elm'; Den Haag specimen via Kew Gardens, 1931
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