Umamah bint Zainab

She was the daughter of Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi', who married Muhammad's eldest daughter Zaynab.[1]^{:27–28, 163–164}[2]^{:13, 162} She had one sibling, Ali.[2]^:13 Her maternal aunts were Muhammad's daughters Ruqayyah, Umm Kulthum and Fatimah.

When Umamah was a small child, Muhammad used to carry her on his shoulder while he prayed. He used to put her down to prostrate and then pick her up again as he rose.[1]^{:27, 163} Muhammad once promised to give an onyx necklace to "her whom I love best." His wives expected him to give it to Aisha, but he presented it to Umamah. On a different occasion, he gave her a gold ring that had arrived from the Emperor of Abyssinia.[1]^{:27–28,163–164}

Her aunt Fatimah requested her husband Ali on her deathbed to marry her niece Umamah because Umamah had an intense attachment and love for Fatimah's children Hasan, Umm Kulthum, Zaynab and especially Husayn. After Fatimah died in 632, Umamah married Ali.[1]^:164[2]^{:13, 162} They had two sons, Hilal (also known as Muhammad al-Awsat or Muhammad the Middle)[3]^:12[4] and 'Awn, both of whom died in Iran, with the latter having been killed in a battle against Qays ibn Murrah (the governor of Khorasan), and the former dying naturally.[5]

Ali was killed in 661, and Muawiyah I proposed to Umamah. She consulted Al-Mughirah ibn Nawfal ibn Al-Harith about this. He said that she should not marry "the son of the liver-eater (Hind bint Utbah)" and offered to deal with the problem for her. When she agreed, he said, "I will marry you myself."[1]^:28 This marriage produced one son, Yahya. It is uncertain whether she had any descendants beyond this.[4] Umamah accompanied Al-Mughirah into exile at Al-Safri. She died there c. 680,[4] but it is also said that she died in 670 (50 AH).[6]

• • indicates that the marriage order is disputed
• Note that direct lineage is marked in bold.

• Hejaz
• Banu Hashim
  • Muhammad's children
    • Genealogy of Khadijah's daughters

• The Tribe of Quraish