VR Class Dv12

The Dv12 (Sv12 and Sr12 until 1977[1]) is the standard Finnish medium-weight diesel-hydraulic road switcher operated by VR. As all the main lines of Finnish railway network have been electrificied, the locomotive is designated mostly to unelectrified, less frequently used side lines.[2] Occasionally it may still pull cargo trains on main lines. It has also been put in service as a shunter, replacing older classes Dv15 and Dv16 as they were retired. A total of 192 locomotives were built by Lokomo and Valmet between the years 1963 and 1984.[3][4] As of 2019, the oldest Dv12 units are 56 years old.

Class Dv12
VR class Dv12 diesel-hydraulic locomotive at Tampere Perkiö depot. In the background VR class Dr14
Type and origin
Power typeDiesel-hydraulic
BuilderValmet Oy Tampere / Rauma-Repola Oy Lokomo, Finland
Build date1963–1984
Total produced192
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • AARB-B
 • UICBo′Bo′
Gauge1,524 mm (5 ft)
Driver dia.1 m (3 ft 3.37 in)
Length14.00 m (45 ft 11 1⁄8 in)
Width3.24 m (10 ft 7 1⁄2 in)
Height4.6 m (15 ft 1 1⁄8 in)
Adhesive weight7.8 t (7.7 long tons; 8.6 short tons)
Loco weight62.2 t (61.2 long tons; 68.6 short tons)
Fuel typeDiesel
Prime moverTampella MGO V16 BSHR & SACM
Engine typeV16 diesel engine
Cylinders16
TransmissionHydraulic Voith L 216 rs
Performance figures
Maximum speed125 km/h (78 mph) or 85 km/h (53 mph)
Power output1,000 kW (1,300 hp)
Tractive effort200 kN (45,000 lbf)
Career
OperatorsVR
ClassDv12
Number in class192
Numbers2501–2568, 2601–2664, 2701–2760
DispositionIn Service

Technical information
A Dv12 class diesel locomotive passes Huutokoski while pulling a regional train from Pieksämäki to Joensuu.
A pair of Dv12 locomotives at Kolari, July 2007

The Dv12 is a general purpose locomotive which was designed for both passenger and cargo train use. Its 1000 kW power is somewhat low by current standards, but it is capable of multiple-unit operation with only one train crew and doublets and triplets are common.[1] It has a low axle load of 15.6 tonnes, which makes it very well suited for branch lines that allow only smaller axle loads.[1] All the axles are interconnected with shafts and universal joints to the Voith L 216 rs hydraulic transmission.[2] Because all axles must rotate at the same speed, the individual slipping of axles is impossible. This translates into a very good tractive effort for a 62 tonne locomotive. The main engine is a Finnish-built Tampella SACM MGO V16 BSHR Diesel with two Brown Boveri-VTR 200 M turbochargers.[1]

The Dv12 has two speed ranges, 85 km/h (53 mph) for cargo use and 125 km/h (78 mph) for passenger use.[1] This mechanical gear can only be switched with the locomotive at standstill.

Variants

Sr12

Between 1965 and 1972, 60 slightly heavier variants of the Sv12 were built.[5] These were assimilated in the same series when their nomenclature changed to Dv12.[5]

Sv1

Dv12 number 2501 was modified between 1978 and 1980 to run on electricity instead of diesel, becoming class Sv1 number 3201.[6] The locomotive was used first in freight traffic, later in passenger trains between Helsinki and Imatra.[7] The Sv1 was used to test three-phase alternating current electrical engines; the results were used when developing class Dr16.[7] The electrical components were delivered by Strömberg,[6] which was also involved in the Dr16 project. The locomotive was painted yellow with black stripes, a colour scheme known from another short-lived prototype, the Dr15.

In 1984, after four years of testing, the Sv1 was refitted with a diesel engine, returning to its original nomenclature and number.[6] Number 3201 is nowadays used on an Sr2 class locomotive. Dv12 number 2501 is currently, in 2019, still in use.

Retirement and future development

In 2009, VR abandoned some of the older units of 2700 series Dv12s.[8] The company plans to purchase new diesel locomotives during the 2010s.[9]

References
  1. Eonsuu, Honkanen & Pölhö 1995, p. 20.
  2. Eonsuu, Honkanen & Pölhö 1995, p. 21.
  3. Auvinen & Ahtiainen 1998.
  4. Eonsuu, Honkanen & Pölhö 1995.
  5. Eonsuu, Honkanen & Pölhö 1995, p. 24.
  6. Eonsuu, Honkanen & Pölhö 1995, p. 87.
  7. Jokinen, Kari. "Veturitalli – Suomalaisia mahtivetureita" (in Finnish). Sv1 "Sähködeeveri". Retrieved 4 September 2011.
  8. "Suruliputus saatteli veturit viimeiselle matkalle" (in Finnish). Ilta-Sanomat. 14 October 2009. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
  9. "VR suunnittelee uusia vetureita radoille jo vuonna 2015" (in Finnish). Helsingin Sanomat. 1 October 2010. Retrieved 5 May 2011.

Literature
  • Auvinen, Jari; Ahtiainen, Jukka (2008). VR Suomi – Dieselien aikaan (in Finnish). Kustantaja Laaksonen. p. 231. ISBN 978-952-99685-7-2.
  • Eonsuu, Tapio; Honkanen, Pekka; Pölhö, Eljas (1995). Suomen veturit osa 2. Moottorikalusto. Elokuvan Maailma. pp. 20–25, 87–88. ISBN 952-5060-02-0.
  • Arttu Käyhkö: Deeverin matkassa Kustantaja Laaksonen, Otavan kirjapaino Keuruu 2015 ISBN 978-952-5805-78-9
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