Walk Free

In 2017, the inaugural Global Estimates of Modern Slavery were produced by the International Labour Organization and Walk Free in partnership with the International Organization for Migration. The analysis drew on data from nationally representative surveys implemented through the Gallup World Poll including a module on modern slavery in 48 countries, and data from the Global Slavery Index Vulnerability Model.[4]

Acknowledged data gaps in earlier editions of the Global Slavery Index, including lack of data on forced sexual exploitation and children in modern slavery, were addressed by adopting a combined methodological approach when developing the Global Estimates of Modern Slavery. This involved drawing on three sources of data:

1. The existing Global Slavery Index survey program was expanded to include 54 surveys covering 48 countries. More than 71,000 people have been interviewed and the countries surveyed represent over half of the world’s population. It is the most extensive survey program on modern slavery ever undertaken and forms the central component of the Global Estimates of Modern Slavery.
2. Administrative data from the International Organization for Migration’s databases of assisted victims of trafficking, and
3. Data derived from validated secondary sources and a systematic review of comments from the International Labour Organization supervisory bodies regarding ILO Conventions on forced labour.[5]

The Global Slavery Index presents a ranking of 167 countries based on the percentage of the population estimated to be in modern slavery.

In 2013, Walk Free released the first edition of the Global Slavery Index. Later editions were released in 2014, 2016 and 2018. The 2018 Global Slavery Index Vulnerability Model provides a risk score for 167 countries[6] while the Government Response Index provides an assessment on 181 governments.[7]

The index provides rankings across three dimensions:

• Size of the problem: What is the estimated prevalence of modern slavery country by country in terms of percentage of population and absolute figures
• Government response: How are governments tackling modern slavery
• Vulnerability: What factors explain or predict the prevalence of modern slavery[8]

The Global Slavery Index is a tool that provides greater understanding of the issue for citizens, non-governmental organisations, businesses, and public officials so that they can build sound policies that will end modern slavery.[9] All data involved in producing the Global Slavery Index are also available for public download and interrogation from the website.[10]

The methodology of early editions of the Global Slavery Index has been criticized by researchers Andrew Guth, Robyn Anderson, Kasey Kinnard, and Hang Tran. According to their analysis of the 2014 edition, the Index's methods had significant and critical weaknesses which raised questions about its replicability and validity. [11]

The Walk Free Foundation has stated that it "welcomes constructive criticism", and [12] subsequent editions of the Global Slavery Index, published in 2016 and 2018, have undergone significant changes to the methodology to determine prevalence estimates.

As well as the Global Slavery Index and the Global Estimates of Modern Slavery, Walk Free have produced a number of other reports. Recent releases include

• Measurement Action Freedom: An independent assessment of government progress towards achieving UN Sustainable Development Goal 8.7
• Bitter Sweets: Prevalence of forced labour & child labour in the cocoa sectors of Côte d'Ivoire & Ghana
• Pervasive, Punitive and Predetermined: Understanding Modern Slavery in North Korea
• Beyond Compliance: The Modern Slavery Act Research Project
• The G20 Obligation: Achieving Sustainable, Fair, and Inclusive Global Supply Chains
• The Faith Community’s Role in Ending Modern Slavery
• Towards a Common Future: Achieving SDG 8.7 in the Commonwealth

• Slavery
• Contemporary slavery

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