William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire

William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire (27 December 1552 3 March 1626) was an English nobleman, politician, and courtier.


The Earl of Devonshire
William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire
Born27 December 1552
Died3 March 1626
Hardwick, Derbyshire, England
Spouse(s)Anne Keighley, Elizabeth Boughton
ChildrenWilliam Cavendish, 2nd Earl of Devonshire
Frances Cavendish
Gilbert Cavendish
James Cavendish
Parent(s)Sir William Cavendish
Bess of Hardwick
The Cavendish Memorial in St Peter's Church, Edensor

Early life

William Cavendish was the second son of Sir William Cavendish and Bess of Hardwick. He was educated with the children of George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, whom his mother married after his father's death. She made him a rich allowance in his youth. He then entered Clare College, Cambridge.[1]

Career

He was M.P. for Liverpool in 1586 and Newport (Cornwall) in 1588. He was appointed High Sheriff of Derbyshire, where the estates of his family lay, for 1595 and Justice of the Peace in 1603. He was created Baron Cavendish of Hardwick in 1605, thanks to the representations of his niece, Arbella Stuart.

He participated in the colonisation of the Bermudas, and Devonshire Parish was called after him; he also was a supporter of colonising Virginia.[2]

His mother's death in 1608, and his elder brother Henry's death in 1616, gave him a vast fortune. He was in attendance on James I in a progress in Wiltshire in 1618, and on 2 August was created Earl of Devonshire, while the court was staying at the Bishop of Salisbury's palace; he was reported to have paid £10,000 for the title.

Death and legacy

He died on 3 March 1626, and was buried at St Peter's Church, Edensor. The 1st Earl of Devonshire and his brother Henry (died 1616) are commemorated through the Cavendish Memorial inside the church, a magnificent early-17th-century church monument.

Family

His first wife was Anne Kighley or Keighley, daughter of Henry Kighley of Keighley, Yorkshire, circa 21 March 1580. They had three sons and three daughters, including:

Cavendish's second wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Boughton of Couston, Warwickshire, widow of Sir Richard Wortley of Wortley, Yorkshire, by whom he had a son, John, made a knight of the Bath when Prince Charles was created Prince of Wales in 1618. Sir John died on 18 January 1618.

References

Attribution

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Cavendish, William (d.1626)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.

Honorary titles
Vacant
Title last held by
The Earl of Shrewsbury
Lord Lieutenant of Derbyshire
jointly with Lord Cavendish of Hardwick

16191626
Succeeded by
The Earl of Devonshire
Peerage of England
New title Earl of Devonshire
16181626
Succeeded by
William Cavendish
Baron Cavendish of Hardwick
16051626


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