Wilsford, Wiltshire

Evidence of prehistoric activity on the high ground of Wilsford Down includes a round barrow,[3] next to the ancient Ridgeway track which marks the southern boundary of the modern parish. Nearby is a series of banks and ditches of uncertain date.[4] To the west of the village is evidence of a henge enclosure known as Wilsford Henge, although it can only be seen as a cropmark in aerial photographs.[5] Excavations of the site began in 2015.[6]

The ancient parish had two tithings: Wilsford and Manningford Bohune, a detached area some 2 ¹⁄₂ miles (4 km) to the east. The latter became a separate civil parish in 1871 and is now part of Manningford parish.[7]

In 1377, Wilsford had 77 taxpayers and Manningford Bohune 43. The population peaked in the mid 19th century, with around 300 at Wilsford and 280 at Manningford.[7] Numbers at Wilsford halved by the end of that century, and continued to fall, reaching 57 in 2001.[1] In 1971, the Wiltshire Victoria County History described Wilsford as "remote and undeveloped".[7]

Wilsford village developed near the river, along an east-west road which linked nearby villages.[7] The Devizes to Upavon road – turnpiked in the 1760s[8] and now the A342 – takes a more southerly route, towards the slope of the Plain. In 1897 the War Department bought the land south of the road for inclusion in the military training area;[7] today the lower parts are leased to farmers while the higher ground is within the Salisbury Plain Training Area.

A school was built in 1848 and educated children of all ages until 1934. The building was demolished after the school closed in 1965; the nearest primary school is at Rushall.[7]

Wilsford elects a joint parish council with nearby Charlton St Peter; the council is named Charlton and Wilsford. It falls within the area of the Wiltshire Council unitary authority, which is responsible for all significant local government functions.

St Nicholas' Church

The parish church of St Nicholas is built in ashlar under slate roofs, and has a west tower with a stair-turret. A church at Wilsford is first mentioned in the earlier 12th century, although the present building is from the next century.[7]

The 13th-century chancel has a low 15th-century roof and is described by Historic England as a "splendid example of a modest medieval chancel that rarely escaped C19 restoration".[13] In the 15th century the tower was added and the nave largely rebuilt. During restoration in 1864 the nave was re-roofed and the south porch rebuilt; a north chapel was removed in 1959 and there was further restoration in 1960. A blocked doorway in the north wall of the chapel contains reset stones from a small 12th[14] or 13th-century[13] doorway.

Five bells were cast by Rudhall of Gloucester in 1718. The tenor fell in the early 20th century and the remaining four were repaired and rehung in 1959.[7] Monuments in the churchyard include three 18th-century chest tombs.[15] The church was designated as Grade II* listed in 1964.[13]

A chapel of ease dedicated to All Saints was built at Manningford Bohune in 1859, in 13th-century style;[16] the building was declared redundant in 1973.[17] The chapel was separated from Wilsford in 1924, and at the same time Wilsford benefice was united with that of Charlton, although the parishes of Wilsford and Charlton remained distinct.[18] North Newnton was added to the union in 1963,[19] and today the parish is part of the Cannings and Redhorn team ministry, alongside seven others.[20]

Media related to Wilsford, Pewsey Vale at Wikimedia Commons