Yíng

Yíng (Chinese: 嬴) is a Chinese surname. It is the royal house name of the early Qin, and Qin Dynasty. Yíng Zheng is the first emperor of the unified Chinese empire.

Not to be confused with Yīng.
Ying
Language(s)Chinese
Origin
Language(s)Old Chinese
DerivationShaohao (少昊)
Gaoyao (皋陶)
Boyi (伯益)
Gaoyang (高揚)
Feizi (非子)
Ying Zheng (嬴政)
MeaningBe Full (嬴)
Other names
Variant form(s)Young/Yong/Yang/Wang
Cognate(s)Jin (Chinese surname)
Jin (Korean surname)
Li (surname)
Xu (surname)
Zhao (surname)
Derivative(s)Ing/In/Yin
See alsoQin (state)
Southern Qi
Northern Qi
Former Qin

The Zhao family is one such kind of clan belonging to the Yíng tribe. There are 14 clan names in China derived from the same ancestral name Yíng, they are the famous members of the Yíng group which are from the Zhao family.

It was one of the "Eight Great Xings of High Antiquity" (上古八大姓), along with Jī (姬), Yáo (姚), Sì (姒), Yún (妘), Gui (媯) and Rèn (妊), though some sources quote Jí (姞) as the last one instead of Rèn. Of these xing, only Jiang and Yao have survived in their original form to modern days as frequently occurring surnames.

In the present day the name is shared by less than 1000 people, and is overall the 1520th-most common surname.[1] In 2019, it was found that exactly two people in Taiwan had this surname.[2]

The origin of Yíng family

Shaohao had a Child the Gaoyao, or Gaoyao (皋陶). Gaoyao had a child, Boyi (伯益). Boyi (伯益) was in charge of flood control and got the surname Yíng (嬴), in an early Xia Dynasty time. Yu the Great gave a state of Dengfeng to the son of Boyi (伯益). This became the State of Yíng (英). Other children of Boyi (伯益) became the feudal lord of Liu (state) (六), and Xu (Chinese state) (許), by order of Yu the Great. Later, the Yíng (赢) tribe was founded in the state of Yíng (英), and the Liu (六) in, Xu (許) in Henan. [3]>

The Yíng tribe were powerful feudal lords at the end of the Shang Dynasty period. Feilian (蜚廉) of the Yíng (皋) family was the General and feudal lord under King Zhou of Shang. After the fall of the Shang Dynasty, the Yíng tribe moved to Shanxi and Gansu. [4]

The Yíng (皋) family's, Feizi (非子, Biza) received the Qin County (秦邑) in Shanxi, from the Government of King Xiao of Zhou, thereby beginning the Qin Dynasty lineage.

The Bai people, of the old Chinese Yíng, the Xu people, the Qiang people, and some Nomad Chinese are found in the area of the Qin (state). Also, in the Qin (state), at the time of Duke Mu of Qin, the Xirong people joined the Qin (state), by way of service in/with the army of Qin (state). The Yíng royal family of Qin (state) got various surnames from many surname of their Citizens.

From the time of Duke Zhuang of Qin, Longxi County in Gansu and the surrounding territory was part of the Qin (state). It merged into the territory of the Xiongnu, after the fall of the Qin Dynasty; although citizens of the Yíng family remained in Longxi of Gansu.

Evolution of the Yíng clan
Hata clan (秦氏) – Japan
太秦公, 秦長連, 秦野, 秦人, 秦川, 秦上, 秦下, 秦內, 秦井, 秦多, 秦當, 秦佐,秦冠, 秦前, 秦黨, 秦原, 秦部, 秦許, 秦常, 秦勝, 秦人部, 秦川邊, 秦大藏, 秦小宅, 秦井手, 秦中家, 秦田村, 秦長田, 秦物集, 秦泉寺, 秦高橋, 秦達布, 秦佐此佐...
Qin clan (秦氏) – Royal house of Qin (state), Imperial house of Qin dynasty
Liang clan (梁氏), other Qin clans
Niǎosú clan (鸟俗氏)
Zhao clan (趙氏) - Imperial house of Song dynasty
Zhao clan (趙氏) – Royal house of Zhao (state)
Other Zhao clans
Bó clan (伯氏)
The clans of Lian (廉), Xu (徐), Jiang (江), Huang (黄), Ma (馬), Ge (葛), Gu (谷), Miào (繆), Zhong (鍾), Fei (費), and Qu (瞿)

'Yíng' Pronunciation in Mandarin

Surname, Yíng

See also

References
  1. http://www.cnbjx.com/xingshi/ying_3291.html
  2. https://www.ris.gov.tw/documents/data/5/2/107namestat.pdf
  3. story of 伯益
  4. story of 蜚廉
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