Yttrium orthovanadate
Yttrium orthovanadate (YVO4) is a transparent crystal. Undoped YVO4 is also used to make efficient high-power polarizing prisms similar to Glan–Taylor prisms.[1]
| Names | |
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| Other names
Yttrium vanadate | |
| Identifiers | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.033.590  |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| O4VY | |
| Molar mass | 203.843 g·mol−1 |
| Melting point | 1,810 °C (3,290 °F; 2,080 K) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
There are two principal applications for doped Yttrium orthovanadate:
- Doped with neodymium it forms Nd:YVO4, an active laser medium used in diode-pumped solid-state lasers.[2]
- Doped with europium it forms Eu:YVO4, the dominant red phosphor used in cathode ray tubes especially in color TVs.[3]
Basic properties
- Crystal structure:[4]
- Zircon tetragonal (tetragonal bipyramidal)
- Space group D4h
- Lattice parameters a = b = 7.119 Å, c = 6.290 Å [5]
- Density: 4.24 g/cm3 [5]
- Melting point: 1810–1940 °C [5]
- Mohs hardness: glass-like, ~5
- Knoop hardness: 480 kg/mm2 [6]
- Thermal expansion coefficient:[4]
- αa = 4.43×10−6/K
- αc = 11.37×10−6/K
- Thermal conductivity coefficient:[4]
- parallel to c-axis: 5.23 W·m−1·K−1
- perpendicular to c-axis: 5.10 W·m−1·K−1
- Refractive indices, birefringence ( Δn = ne - no) and walk-off angle at 45° (ρ):
- at 0.63 µm:
- ne = 2.2154
- no = 1.9929
- Δn = 0.2225
- ρ = 6.04
- at 1.30 µm:
- ne = 2.1554
- no = 1.9500
- Δn = 0.2054
- ρ= 5.72
- at 1.55 µm:
- ne = 2.1486
- no = 1.9447
- Δn = 0.2039
- ρ = 5.69
- Sellmeier equation (λ in µm):
- ne2=4.59905 + 0.110534/(λ2 − 0.04813) − 0.012267612 λ2
- no2=3.77834 + 0.069736/(λ2 − 0.04724) − 0.0108133 λ2
- at 0.63 µm:
References
- US patent 3914018, Deshazer, Larry G., "Yttrium orthovanadate optical polarizer", issued 1975-10-21, assigned to Union Carbide Corp.
- Koechner, Walter (2006). "Nd:YVO4". Solid-state laser engineering. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-387-29094-2.
- Caro, Paul (1998-06-01). "Rare earths in luminescence". Rare earths. pp. 323–325. ISBN 978-84-89784-33-8.
- "Yttrium Vanadate (YVO4) Crystal". Casix. Archived from the original on May 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-09-12.
- DeShazer, L.G.; Rand, S.C.; Wechsler, B.A. (1987). Weber, Marvin J. (ed.). Handbook of Laser Science and Technology, Vol. V: Optical materials part 3. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 283. ISBN 0-8493-3505-1.
- DeShazer, L.G.; Rand, S.C.; Wechsler, B.A. (1987). Weber, Marvin J. (ed.). Handbook of Laser Science and Technology, Vol. V: Optical materials part 3. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 329. ISBN 0-8493-3505-1.
| Distinct subtypes | |
|---|---|
| Yttrium aluminium garnet |
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| Glass |
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| Other gain media |
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| Structures | |
| Specific lasers | |
| Aspects | |
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