Yuntao

Yuntao was born on 18 January 1686 to Concubine Ding, Wanlioha Niuniu (完琉哈•妞妞).[1] In his childhood, he was taught by Sumalagu, a confidant of Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang. In 1695, Yuntao was awarded a yellow riding jacket for his excel in martial arts[2] Yunzhi once recalled that Yuntao addressed Sumalagu as Azhagu (阿扎姑，meaning "careful" in Manchu language). When Sumalagu fell critically ill in 1705, Yuntao personally took care of her.[3] In 1709, Yuntao was granted a title of the prince of the fourth rank for his merits. After Kangxi Emperor's death, Yuntao controlled Bordered Yellow Banner, in contradiction to the earlier records claiming his control over the Plain White Banner.[4] Yuntao did not interfere in the succession war between his brothers, which affected his future. In 1722, Yuntao was made a first bearer of the Prince Lü of the Second Rank title.[5] In 1723, the prince was demoted back to beizi and further downgraded to the grace defender duke. In 1730, Yuntao was restored to the prince of the second rank.[6] In 1735, Qianlong Emperor promoted him to Prince of the First Rank and tasked with overseeing the compilation of the imperial genealogy.[7] In 1750, when Yuntao's heir presumptive died, his mother felt aggrieved and was later comforted by step grandson, Hongli. In 1757, Yuntao took Consort Dowager Ding to his manor for recuperation. Lady Wanlioha died at the age of 96 there, becoming the longest living imperial consort in the history of Qing.[8] Yuntao died on 1 September 1763 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Lüyi of the First Rank (履懿亲王， meaning "implementing in a righteous way").

Yuntao was initially married to lady Fuca, Maci's daughter and Fuheng's cousin, and also two mistresses, Lady Ligiya and Lady Yao.[9]

• Primary consort , of the Fuca clan (嫡福晋富察氏)
  • Second son (1706-1707)
  • Hongshi (1707-1710), third son
• Secondary consort, of the Fanggiya clan (侧福晋方佳氏)
  • Fourth son (1728-1731)
  • Princess of the Third Rank (郡主1735-1825), fourth daughter
    • Married Mingliang of the Fuca clan in 1753
  • Shizi Hongkun (1739-1751), fifth son
  • Sixth son ( 20 May 1742- 21 May 1742)
  • Sixth daughter (1741-1744)
• Secondary consort, of the Guangiya clan
  • Third daughter (1728-1731)
• Mistress, of the Ligiya clan
  • Princess of the Third Rank (郡主, 1703-1768), first daughter
    • Married Da'ermadadou of the Khorchin Borjigin clan in 1721
• Mistress, of the Mai clan
• Mistress, of the Wanggiya clan
  • Lady of the Third Rank (乡君, 1740-1797)
    • Married Gunqilaxi of the Borjigin clan in 1756
• Mistress, of the Chen clan
• Mistress, of the Yao clan
  • First son (28 February 1703 – 5 March 1703)
• Mistress, of the Li clan
  • Second daughter (July 1722)[10]