1255 Schilowa

1255 Schilowa, provisional designation 1932 NC, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 34 kilometers (21 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 8 July 1932, by Soviet astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula.[1] The asteroid has a longer-than average rotation period of 29.5 hours. It was named after Mariya Zhilova (Schilowa), who was Russia's first professional female astronomer.[12]

1255 Schilowa
Discovery [1][2]
Discovered byG. Neujmin
Discovery siteSimeiz Obs.
Discovery date8 July 1932
Designations
(1255) Schilowa
Named after
Maria Zhilova
(Russian astronomer)
1932 NC · 1933 VB
A905 UC
main-belt · (outer) [3]
background [4]
Orbital characteristics [2]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc113.54 yr (41,472 d)
Aphelion3.6891 AU
Perihelion2.5983 AU
3.1437 AU
Eccentricity0.1735
5.57 yr (2,036 d)
122.84°
0° 10m 36.48s / day
Inclination8.5473°
237.62°
133.51°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
32.52±1.6 km[5]
33.669±0.718 km[6]
35.846±2.824 km[7]
36.49±0.51 km[8]
37.24±4.78 km[9]
29.536±0.006 h[3][10][11]
0.071±0.031[9]
0.111±0.004[8]
0.1144±0.0263[7]
0.130±0.027[6]
0.1389±0.015[5]
S (assumed)[3]
10.20[5][7][8]
10.3[1][2][3]
10.63[9]

    Orbit and classification

    Schilowa is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[4] It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.6–3.7 AU once every 5 years and 7 months (2,036 days; semi-major axis of 3.14 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.17 and an inclination of 9° with respect to the ecliptic.[2]

    The asteroid was first observed as A905 UC at Heidelberg Observatory in October 1905. The body's observation arc began one week later at Heidelberg in November 1905, almost 27 years prior to its official discovery observation at Simeiz.[1]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Mariya Vasilyevna Zhilova (1870–1934), also known Mariya Shilova or Schilowa, a Russian astronomer at the Pulkovo Observatory near Saint Petersburg. She was Russia's first professional female astronomer and awarded for her work on celestial mechanics by the Russian Astronomical Society in 1905. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 115).[12]

    Physical characteristics

    Schilowa is an assumed S-type asteroid.[3]

    Rotation period

    Between 2005 and 2009, three rotational lightcurves of Schilowa were obtained from photometric observations by European astronomers Pierre Antonini, Laurent Bernasconi, René Roy, Reiner Stoss, Jaime Nomen, Salvador Sánchez, Raoul Behrend. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 29.536 hours (also 24 h and 29.7 h) with a brightness amplitude between 0.09 and 0.15 magnitude (U=2 and 2/2-).[10]

    Spin axis

    In 2013, an international study modeled a lightcurve from various data sources including the Uppsala Asteroid Photometric Catalogue and the Palomar Transient Factory survey. The lightcurve gave a sidereal period of 29.4674 hours and allowed for the determination of two spin axis of (156.0°, −4.0°) and (338.0°, 15.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[13]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Schilowa measures between 32.52 and 37.24 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.071 and 0.1389.[5][6][7][8][9] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.1273 and a diameter of 32.44 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.3.[3]

    References
    1. "1255 Schilowa (1932 NC)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
    2. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1255 Schilowa (1932 NC)" (2019-05-11 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1255) Schilowa". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 27 December 2017.
    4. "Asteroid 1255 Schilowa – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
    5. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    6. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121.
    7. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    8. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    9. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
    10. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1255) Schilowa". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
    11. "Asteroid 1255 Schilowa". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
    12. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1255) Schilowa". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1255) Schilowa. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 104. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1256. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    13. Hanus, J.; Durech, J.; Broz, M.; Marciniak, A.; Warner, B. D.; Pilcher, F.; et al. (March 2013). "Asteroids' physical models from combined dense and sparse photometry and scaling of the YORP effect by the observed obliquity distribution". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 551: 16. arXiv:1301.6943. Bibcode:2013A&A...551A..67H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220701.

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