Damocloid

Damocloids are a class of minor planets such as 5335 Damocles and 1996 PW that have Halley-type or long-period highly eccentric orbits typical of periodic comets such as Halley's Comet, but without showing a cometary coma or tail. David Jewitt defines a damocloid as an object with a Jupiter Tisserand invariant (T_J) of 2 or less,[1][lower-alpha 1] while Akimasa Nakamura defines this group with the following orbital elements:[2]

q < 5.2 AU, a > 8.0 AU, and e > 0.75,
or alternatively, i > 90°

However, this definition that does not focus on Jupiter excludes objects such as (127546) 2002 XU₉₃, 2003 WG₁₆₆, and 2004 DA₆₂.[3]

Using the Tisserand's parameter with respect to Jupiter of 2 or less, there are currently 175 damocloid candidates as of June 2019.[4] Of these objects, 137 have orbital observation arcs greater than 30 days providing reasonably decent orbits.[5][1] Their average radius is eight kilometers assuming an albedo of 0.04. The albedos of four damocloids have been measured, and they are among the darkest objects known in the Solar System. Damocloids are reddish in color, but not as red as many Kuiper-belt objects or Centaurs. Other damocloids include: 2013 BL76, 2012 DR30, 2008 KV42, (65407) 2002 RP120, and 20461 Dioretsa.

Retrograde objects such as Halley's Comet and damocloid (343158) 2009 HC82 can have relative velocities to Earth of 81 km/s (290,000 km/h).[6]

Origin

Damocloids are thought to be nuclei of Halley-type comets that have lost all their volatile materials due to outgassing and become dormant. Such comets probably originate from the Oort cloud. This hypothesis is strengthened by the fact that a number of objects thought to be damocloids (and assigned minor-planet provisional designations) subsequently showed a coma and were confirmed to be comets: C/2001 OG₁₀₈ (LONEOS), C/2002 CE₁₀ (LINEAR), C/2002 VQ₉₄ (LINEAR), C/2004 HV₆₀ (Spacewatch) and possibly others. Another strong indication of cometary origin is the fact that some damocloids have retrograde orbits, unlike any other minor planets. (Objects with an inclination beyond 90 degrees up to 180 degrees are in a retrograde orbit and orbit in the opposite direction of other objects.)

List

This is a list of 18 numbered and 165 unnumbered bodies from the JPL SBDB as of January 2020, that meet Akimasa Nakamura's criteria for being classified as a damocloid, that is, either a retrograde orbit, or the following orbital elements: q < 5.2 AU, a > 8.0 AU, and e > 0.75 (also see § top). Tisserand's parameter with respect to Jupiter (T_Jupiter) is also given.[lower-alpha 1] Akimasa Nakamura's criteria and a T_Jupiter of less than 2 are largely equivalent as only a few listed bodies do not meet the defined T_Jupiter threshold. Most damocloids are also listed on MPC's list of other unusual minor planets.[7] The orbital data is sourced from JPL-numbered and -unnumbered element files.[8] It includes some comets but excludes hyperbolic bodies such as A/2019 G4 as well as ʻOumuamua and 2I/Borisov, two interstellar objects.

Designation	a (AU)	e	i (°)	Orbital criteria and classes				q (AU)	Q (AU)	Unusual	Catalog	Refs
Designation	a (AU)	e	i (°)	Cls	Retro	T_Jupiter[lower-alpha 1]	T_J ≤ 2	q (AU)	Q (AU)	Unusual	Catalog	Refs
5335 Damocles	11.84	0.866	61.6	CEN	—	1.157	Y	1.59	22.09	unusual	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(15504) 1999 RG₃₃	9.38	0.774	34.9	CEN	—	1.948	Y	2.12	16.64	unusual	LoMP	MPC · JPL
20461 Dioretsa	23.9	0.9	160.4	CEN	Y	-1.541	Y	2.39	45.42	unusual	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(65407) 2002 RP120	53.71	0.954	119.1	TNO	Y	-0.837	Y	2.46	104.97	unusual	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(154783) 2004 PA₄₄	14.22	0.76	3.3	CEN	—	2.510	—	3.41	25.03	unusual	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(330759) 2008 SO₂₁₈	8.12	0.563	170.3	CEN	Y	-1.394	Y	3.55	12.69	unusual	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(336756) 2010 NV1	281.17	0.967	140.7	TNO	Y	-2.901	Y	9.4	552.94	—	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(342842) 2008 YB3	11.6	0.441	105.1	CEN	Y	-0.248	Y	6.48	16.72	—	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(343158) 2009 HC82	2.53	0.807	154.4	NEO	Y	1.316	Y	0.49	4.57	—	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(434620) 2005 VD	6.67	0.251	172.9	CEN	Y	-1.396	Y	5	8.35	unusual	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(459870) 2014 AT₂₈	10.92	0.403	165.5	CEN	Y	-2.092	Y	6.52	15.32	—	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(468861) 2013 LU28	187.07	0.953	125.4	TNO	Y	-2.068	Y	8.74	365.4	—	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(471325) 2011 KT19	35.64	0.33	110.1	TNO	Y	-1.555	Y	23.88	47.41	—	LoMP	MPC · JPL
514107 Kaʻepaokaʻawela	5.13	0.379	163.1	other	Y	-0.744	Y	3.19	7.07	unusual	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(518151) 2016 FH₁₃	24.53	0.614	93.6	CEN	Y	-0.003	Y	9.46	39.6	—	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(523797) 2016 NM₅₆	71.96	0.854	144	TNO	Y	-3.061	Y	10.53	133.39	—	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(523800) 2017 KZ₃₁	53.88	0.796	161.7	TNO	Y	-3.598	Y	10.97	96.8	—	LoMP	MPC · JPL
(528219) 2008 KV42	41.88	0.495	103.4	TNO	Y	-1.018	Y	21.14	62.62	—	LoMP	MPC · JPL
1996 PW	258.24	0.99	30.1	TNO	—	1.708	Y	2.48	513.99	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
1997 MD₁₀	26.47	0.943	59.5	CEN	—	0.961	Y	1.52	51.42	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
1998 QJ₁	11.25	0.815	23.7	CEN	—	2.024	—	2.08	20.41	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
1998 WU₂₄	15.14	0.906	42.4	CEN	—	1.409	Y	1.42	28.86	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
1999 LE31	8.13	0.466	151.8	CEN	Y	-1.309	Y	4.34	11.92	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
1999 XS35	17.77	0.947	19.4	NEO	—	1.411	Y	0.94	34.61	—	—	MPC · JPL
2000 AB₂₂₉	52.56	0.956	68.3	TNO	—	0.790	Y	2.32	102.81	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2000 DG8	10.76	0.794	129.2	CEN	Y	-0.624	Y	2.22	19.31	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2000 HE₄₆	23.66	0.899	158.6	CEN	Y	-1.516	Y	2.38	44.93	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2000 KP₆₅	90.59	0.963	45.6	TNO	—	1.625	Y	3.33	177.86	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2002 RN109	547.97	0.995	58.3	TNO	—	1.075	Y	2.68	1093.26	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2003 UY₂₈₃	33.33	0.896	18.9	TNO	—	2.284	—	3.47	63.19	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2003 WN₁₈₈	14.4	0.846	26.8	CEN	—	1.944	Y	2.22	26.58	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2004 CM₁₁₁	33.73	0.851	4.7	TNO	—	2.821	—	5.03	62.42	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2004 NN₈	99.42	0.976	165.6	TNO	Y	-1.782	Y	2.36	196.48	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2005 HL₃	11.29	0.831	35.7	CEN	—	1.790	Y	1.9	20.67	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2005 NP₈₂	5.87	0.477	130.5	CEN	Y	-0.326	Y	3.07	8.67	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2005 OE	63.07	0.952	67.5	TNO	—	0.899	Y	3.04	123.1	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2005 SB₂₂₃	29.41	0.905	91.4	CEN	Y	0.128	Y	2.79	56.04	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2005 TJ₅₀	9.16	0.584	110.3	CEN	Y	-0.177	Y	3.81	14.51	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2005 VX3	815.3	0.995	112.3	TNO	Y	-0.943	Y	4.1	1626.5	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2006 BZ₈	9.6	0.803	165.3	CEN	Y	-1.022	Y	1.89	17.31	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2006 EX₅₂	42.3	0.94	150.2	TNO	Y	-1.570	Y	2.55	82.04	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2006 LM1	32.19	0.885	172.1	TNO	Y	-2.133	Y	3.7	60.67	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2006 RG₁	25.61	0.921	133.5	CEN	Y	-0.988	Y	2.03	49.2	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2006 RJ₂	9.67	0.761	164.6	CEN	Y	-1.168	Y	2.31	17.02	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2006 SO₁₃₄	19.51	0.832	4.2	CEN	—	2.412	—	3.29	35.74	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2007 DA₆₁	467.7	0.994	76.5	TNO	—	0.483	Y	2.67	932.74	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2007 VW₂₆₆	5.45	0.39	108.3	other	Y	0.363	Y	3.32	7.57	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2008 BN₁₈	30.42	0.914	28.8	TNO	—	1.888	Y	2.61	58.24	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2008 SE₈₂	19.33	0.836	17.4	CEN	—	2.287	—	3.17	35.49	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2008 WA₉₅	14.03	0.878	60.1	CEN	—	1.154	Y	1.71	26.34	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2009 AU₁₆	23.59	0.917	69.8	CEN	—	0.807	Y	1.95	45.22	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2009 DD₄₇	47.98	0.954	107.5	TNO	Y	-0.439	Y	2.22	93.73	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2009 FW₂₃	11.52	0.855	86.5	CEN	—	0.546	Y	1.67	21.37	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2009 QY₆	12.47	0.834	137.8	CEN	Y	-0.848	Y	2.07	22.86	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2009 YS₆	20.14	0.92	147.8	CEN	Y	-1.048	Y	1.62	38.67	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2010 BK118	376.12	0.984	143.9	TNO	Y	-2.451	Y	6.1	746.15	—	—	MPC · JPL
2010 CG₅₅	31.84	0.91	146.2	TNO	Y	-1.541	Y	2.86	60.82	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2010 EB₄₆	31.45	0.952	156.6	TNO	Y	-1.213	Y	1.5	61.4	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2010 EJ₁₀₄	21.64	0.9	41.4	CEN	—	1.571	Y	2.16	41.11	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2010 EQ₁₆₉	2.09	0.093	92	MBA	Y	2.449	—	1.89	2.28	—	—	MPC · JPL
2010 GW₆₄	62.9	0.941	105.2	TNO	Y	-0.535	Y	3.71	122.1	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2010 GW₁₄₇	170.07	0.968	99.9	TNO	Y	-0.460	Y	5.39	334.75	—	—	MPC · JPL
2010 JH₁₂₄	69.91	0.963	53.4	TNO	—	1.259	Y	2.61	137.22	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2010 JC₁₄₇	14.62	0.762	41.7	CEN	—	1.977	Y	3.48	25.76	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2010 LG₆₁	6.28	0.784	123.8	CEN	Y	0.069	Y	1.36	11.2	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2010 OR₁	26.93	0.924	143.9	CEN	Y	-1.214	Y	2.05	51.82	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2010 OM₁₀₁	26.04	0.918	118.8	CEN	Y	-0.655	Y	2.13	49.95	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2010 PO₅₈	13.14	0.779	121.4	CEN	Y	-0.641	Y	2.9	23.38	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2011 MM4	21.22	0.473	100.5	CEN	Y	-0.403	Y	11.18	31.25	—	—	MPC · JPL
2011 OR₁₇	278.54	0.989	110.5	TNO	Y	-0.746	Y	3.12	553.96	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2011 SP₂₅	19.55	0.884	109.2	CEN	Y	-0.330	Y	2.27	36.84	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2011 UR₄₀₂	18.62	0.779	24.6	CEN	—	2.439	—	4.12	33.12	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2011 WS₄₁	37.85	0.945	141.6	TNO	Y	-1.242	Y	2.07	73.62	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2012 HD₂	63	0.959	146.8	TNO	Y	-1.560	Y	2.56	123.44	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2012 KA₅₁	3000	0.998	70.7	TNO	—	0.911	Y	4.91	5995.09	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2012 TL₁₃₉	29.53	0.881	160	CEN	Y	-1.944	Y	3.52	55.54	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2012 YO₆	6.31	0.478	106.9	CEN	Y	0.262	Y	3.29	9.33	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2012 YE₈	9.3	0.589	136	CEN	Y	-0.996	Y	3.82	14.77	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2013 BN₂₇	59.34	0.974	101.8	TNO	Y	-0.227	Y	1.56	117.13	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2013 BL76	937.32	0.991	98.6	TNO	Y	-0.528	Y	8.36	1866.28	—	—	MPC · JPL
2013 HS₁₅₀	58.12	0.951	97.1	TNO	Y	-0.166	Y	2.82	113.43	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2013 JD₄	12.11	0.865	73	CEN	—	0.878	Y	1.64	22.59	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2013 LA2	5.68	0.466	175.1	CEN	Y	-0.928	Y	3.04	8.33	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2013 LD₁₆	81.54	0.969	154.7	TNO	Y	-1.712	Y	2.55	160.52	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2013 LG₂₉	17.03	0.791	15.4	CEN	—	2.440	—	3.56	30.5	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2013 NS₁₁	12.6	0.786	130.3	CEN	Y	-0.831	Y	2.69	22.51	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2013 YG₄₈	8.18	0.752	61.3	CEN	—	1.429	Y	2.03	14.33	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2014 CW₁₄	33.02	0.869	170.8	TNO	Y	-2.299	Y	4.31	61.72	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2014 JJ₅₇	7	0.292	95.9	CEN	Y	0.514	Y	4.96	9.04	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2014 MH₅₅	48.1	0.907	92.6	TNO	Y	-0.006	Y	4.48	91.72	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2014 PP₆₉	21.34	0.941	93.7	NEO	Y	0.156	Y	1.25	41.43	—	—	MPC · JPL
2014 SQ₃₃₉	28.88	0.904	128.5	CEN	Y	-1.076	Y	2.78	54.98	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2014 UV₁₁₄	13.86	0.71	171	CEN	Y	-1.895	Y	4.02	23.7	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2014 XS₃	72.46	0.955	101.4	TNO	Y	-0.366	Y	3.25	141.67	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2015 AO₄₄	22.04	0.836	139.9	CEN	Y	-1.493	Y	3.62	40.45	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2015 BH₃₁₁	9.17	0.729	94.5	CEN	Y	0.424	Y	2.49	15.85	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2015 FK₃₇	441.08	0.989	156.1	TNO	Y	-2.507	Y	4.96	877.2	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2015 RK₂₄₅	80.21	0.966	91.7	TNO	Y	0.005	Y	2.76	157.65	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2015 RE₂₇₇	20.2	0.764	1.6	CEN	—	2.798	—	4.76	35.63	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2015 RL₂₇₇	34.78	0.851	3.1	TNO	—	2.863	—	5.19	64.37	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2015 RM₃₀₆	255.28	0.955	176	TNO	Y	-4.118	Y	11.45	499.1	—	—	MPC · JPL
2015 TN₁₇₈	54.26	0.956	91.1	TNO	Y	0.059	Y	2.39	106.13	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2015 TS₃₅₀	142.79	0.965	58	TNO	—	1.498	Y	5.05	280.53	—	—	MPC · JPL
2015 XN₆₃	18.9	0.927	19.4	CEN	—	1.621	Y	1.37	36.42	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2015 XX₃₅₁	14.53	0.854	159.1	CEN	Y	-1.269	Y	2.13	26.94	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2015 XR₃₈₄	36.7	0.903	157.5	TNO	Y	-1.969	Y	3.57	69.84	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2015 YY₁₈	19.41	0.831	118.2	CEN	Y	-0.749	Y	3.28	35.53	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2016 AT₂₈₁	63.39	0.958	22.2	TNO	—	1.943	Y	2.68	124.09	—	—	MPC · JPL
2016 CO₂₆₄	48.1	0.937	129.8	TNO	Y	-1.247	Y	3.01	93.18	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2016 DF₂	7.2	0.538	167.1	CEN	Y	-1.209	Y	3.32	11.07	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2016 EJ₂₀₃	67.43	0.96	171	TNO	Y	-1.925	Y	2.73	132.13	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2016 JK₂₄	13.06	0.661	152.3	CEN	Y	-1.708	Y	4.43	21.69	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2016 LS	13.32	0.606	114.3	CEN	Y	-0.658	Y	5.25	21.4	—	—	MPC · JPL
2016 NL₁₀₀	13.87	0.76	21.9	CEN	—	2.343	—	3.33	24.41	—	—	MPC · JPL
2016 PN₆₆	31.06	0.907	105.1	TNO	Y	-0.371	Y	2.9	59.22	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2016 TK₂	9.19	0.551	92.3	CEN	Y	0.476	Y	4.12	14.25	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2016 TP₉₃	7.39	0.555	138.3	CEN	Y	-0.777	Y	3.29	11.49	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2016 US₁₀₉	35.86	0.948	87.2	TNO	—	0.227	Y	1.86	69.86	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2016 VY₁₇	11.14	0.851	148.5	CEN	Y	-0.845	Y	1.66	20.61	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2016 WS₁	14.37	0.882	53	CEN	—	1.305	Y	1.7	27.05	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2016 YB₁₃	5.45	0.407	139.8	other	Y	-0.473	Y	3.23	7.67	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 AX₁₃	28.65	0.883	137.2	CEN	Y	-1.435	Y	3.35	53.95	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 CW₃₂	191.86	0.985	152.4	TNO	Y	-1.855	Y	2.95	380.76	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 EM₄	33.29	0.921	83.4	TNO	—	0.383	Y	2.65	63.93	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 GD₈	43.37	0.947	74.9	TNO	—	0.602	Y	2.28	84.45	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 JB₆	32.6	0.883	160.9	TNO	Y	-2.061	Y	3.82	61.38	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 MZ₄	66.8	0.952	65.8	TNO	—	0.973	Y	3.19	130.41	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 MB7	1711.8	0.997	55.7	TNO	—	1.477	Y	4.46	3419.14	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 NM₂	14.64	0.623	101.3	CEN	Y	-0.158	Y	5.52	23.77	—	—	MPC · JPL
2017 OX₆₈	58.97	0.971	94.8	TNO	Y	-0.046	Y	1.73	116.21	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 PY₂₄	17.35	0.924	71.8	CEN	—	0.734	Y	1.31	33.4	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 QO₃₃	34.39	0.857	148.8	TNO	Y	-2.119	Y	4.93	63.85	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 RR₂	11.6	0.782	87.1	CEN	—	0.543	Y	2.53	20.67	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 SV₁₃	9.66	0.792	113.3	CEN	Y	-0.118	Y	2.01	17.3	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 SN₃₃	242.29	0.992	152	TNO	Y	-1.463	Y	1.84	482.73	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 UW₅₁	130.29	0.976	144.2	TNO	Y	-1.730	Y	3.14	257.44	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2017 UX₅₁	30.05	0.747	90.5	CEN	Y	0.146	Y	7.61	52.49	—	—	MPC · JPL
2017 UR₅₂	352.63	0.996	108.2	NEO	Y	-0.417	Y	1.24	704.01	—	—	MPC · JPL
2017 YL₂	8.94	0.767	27.8	CEN	—	2.070	—	2.09	15.8	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2018 AS₁₈	12.97	0.872	63	CEN	—	1.103	Y	1.66	24.29	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2018 DE₄	32.31	0.926	81.3	TNO	—	0.445	Y	2.39	62.24	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2018 DF₄	97.75	0.984	68.2	TNO	—	0.633	Y	1.6	193.91	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2018 KH₃	94.35	0.961	46.9	TNO	—	1.671	Y	3.7	184.99	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2018 MP₈	357.96	0.989	68.3	TNO	—	0.909	Y	3.83	712.09	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2018 PL₂₈	19.54	0.862	74.1	CEN	—	0.802	Y	2.69	36.39	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2018 SQ₁₃	155.88	0.981	91	TNO	Y	-0.002	Y	2.97	308.78	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2018 TL₆	8.15	0.788	170.9	CEN	Y	-0.881	Y	1.72	14.57	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
A/2018 V3	121.44	0.989	165	TNO	Y	-1.339	Y	1.34	241.55	—	—	MPC · JPL
2018 WB₁	7.28	0.694	152.3	CEN	Y	-0.792	Y	2.23	12.33	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2019 CR	14.49	0.595	160.3	CEN	Y	-2.168	Y	5.87	23.12	—	—	MPC · JPL
2019 EJ₃	24.23	0.956	139.6	NEO	Y	-0.754	Y	1.08	47.39	—	—	MPC · JPL
A/2019 G2	698.71	0.997	159.2	TNO	Y	-1.746	Y	2.29	1395.13	—	—	MPC · JPL
A/2019 G3	17.15	0.834	156.8	CEN	Y	-1.541	Y	2.85	31.45	—	—	MPC · JPL
2019 HC₄	8.78	0.554	134.3	CEN	Y	-0.916	Y	3.91	13.64	unusual	—	MPC · JPL
2019 KE₇	11.66	0.702	108.3	CEN	Y	-0.223	Y	3.48	19.85	—	—	MPC · JPL
2019 KN₁₉	12.52	0.767	14.7	CEN	—	2.340	—	2.92	22.12	—	—	MPC · JPL
A/2019 O2	57.49	0.832	93.3	TNO	Y	-0.121	Y	9.68	105.29	—	—	MPC · JPL
A/2019 O4	32.89	0.889	115.1	TNO	Y	-0.817	Y	3.64	62.13	—	—	MPC · JPL
2019 PN₂	25.18	0.92	113	CEN	Y	-0.466	Y	2.01	48.35	—	—	MPC · JPL
A/2019 Q2	59.68	0.979	159	NEO	Y	-1.205	Y	1.26	118.11	—	—	MPC · JPL
A/2019 T1	38.18	0.888	120.9	TNO	Y	-1.143	Y	4.28	72.07	—	—	MPC · JPL
A/2019 U5	22759.43	1	113.5	TNO	Y	-0.942	Y	3.62	45515.24	—	—	MPC · JPL
2019 YJ₆	37.68	0.932	22	TNO	—	1.947	Y	2.56	72.8	—	—	MPC · JPL
A/2020 A1	25.94	0.936	149	CEN	Y	-1.152	Y	1.67	50.2	—	—	MPC · JPL
A/2020 B1	52.32	0.967	18.5	TNO	—	1.641	Y	1.75	102.88	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 BZ₁₂	7.7	0.922	165.5	NEO	Y	-0.238	Y	0.6	14.79	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 EP	10.51	0.764	76.4	CEN	—	0.927	Y	2.48	18.54	—	—	MPC · JPL
A/2020 F7	811.54	0.993	93.9	TNO	Y	-0.190	Y	5.33	1617.75	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 FH₂₄	14.28	0.771	28.5	CEN	—	2.218	—	3.27	25.28	—	—	MPC · JPL
A/2020 H9	341.71	0.992	137.9	TNO	Y	-1.458	Y	2.58	680.84	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 HB₁₁	16.55	0.708	147.3	CEN	Y	-1.806	Y	4.84	28.26	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 KD₆	13.1	0.872	38.7	CEN	—	1.611	Y	1.68	24.52	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 KH₇	7.94	0.502	106.2	CEN	Y	0.060	Y	3.95	11.93	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 KU₇	34.8	0.879	103.8	TNO	Y	-0.439	Y	4.2	65.41	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 ML₁	54.03	0.953	82.5	TNO	—	0.351	Y	2.54	105.53	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 OR₅	6.23	0.376	166.6	CEN	Y	-1.138	Y	3.89	8.58	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 OS₅	6.9	0.684	155.8	CEN	Y	-0.779	Y	2.18	11.63	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 OP₇	28.65	0.895	79.5	CEN	—	0.564	Y	3	54.31	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 PV₆	39.97	0.943	128.2	TNO	Y	-1.013	Y	2.29	77.65	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 QN₆	311.26	0.985	76.7	TNO	—	0.639	Y	4.82	617.7	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 QO₆	18.9	0.874	80.5	CEN	—	0.583	Y	2.39	35.41	—	—	MPC · JPL
2020 SJ₅	18.2	0.856	77.4	CEN	—	0.708	Y	2.62	33.78	—	—	MPC · JPL
Designation	a (AU)	e	i (°)	Orbital criteria and classes				q (AU)	Q (AU)	Unusual	Catalog	Refs
Designation	a (AU)	e	i (°)	Cls	Retro	T_Jupiter	T_J ≤ 2	q (AU)	Q (AU)	Unusual	Catalog	Refs

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Notes

The Jupiter Tisserand invariant or Tisserand's parameter with respect to Jupiter can be derived from Jupiter's semi-major axis (a_J) and the minor planet's orbital elements (a, e and i) as follows:[lower-alpha 2]
$a J / a + 2(cos i) \times \sqrt a / a J \times (1-e 2)$
Note
In order to agree with the data displayed at the JPL Small-Body Database from which the orbital elements are sourced,[lower-alpha 3] the calculation of the Tisserand invariant uses a value of 5.203363 AU for Jupiter's osculating semi-major axis (a_J). Also, the degrees of the objects inclination need to be converted into the radian equivalent such as in:
($a_j / $a) + (2 * cos(deg2rad($i))) * sqrt(($a/$a_j) * (1 - $e * $e)).

References

Jewitt, David (August 2013). "The DAMOCLOIDS". UCLA, Department of Earth and Space Sciences. Retrieved 14 February 2014. (2013 list / 2011 list / 2010 list)
Akimasa Nakamura and bas (2 May 2009). "List of Damocloids (Oort cloud asteroids)". Lowell Observatory. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
Jewitt, David (2005). "A first look at the Damocloids" (PDF). The Astronomical Journal. 129 (1): 530–538. Bibcode:2005AJ....129..530J. doi:10.1086/426328. Retrieved 13 February 2011.
"JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: asteroids and T-Jupiter <= 2". JPL Solar System Dynamics. Retrieved 1 June 2019. Search parameters used: Limited by object type/group: Asteroids and T-Jupiter <= 2
"JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: asteroids and T-Jupiter <= 2 and data-arc span > 30 (d)". JPL Solar System Dynamics. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
"NEO Close-Approaches (Between 1900 and 2200)". NASA/JPL Near-Earth Object Program. Retrieved 22 June 2012. (sorted by descending relative velocity, dist<0.5 AU = "215,221 close-Earth approaches")
"List Of Other Unusual Objects". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
"JPL Small-Body Orbital Elements – ASCII Files". JPL Solar System Dynamics. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
Alvarez-Candal, A. (January 2013). "SDSS photometry of asteroids in cometary orbits" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 549: A34. arXiv:1211.4351. Bibcode:2013A&A...549A..34A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220274. ISSN 0004-6361.

External links

David Jewitt, A first look at the Damocloids, January 2005

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[J-Tisserand-2] The Jupiter Tisserand invariant or Tisserand's parameter with respect to Jupiter can be derived from Jupiter's semi-major axis (a_J) and the minor planet's orbital elements (a, e and i) as follows:[lower-alpha 2]
$a J / a + 2(cos i) \times \sqrt a / a J \times (1-e 2)$
Note
In order to agree with the data displayed at the JPL Small-Body Database from which the orbital elements are sourced,[lower-alpha 3] the calculation of the Tisserand invariant uses a value of 5.203363 AU for Jupiter's osculating semi-major axis (a_J). Also, the degrees of the objects inclination need to be converted into the radian equivalent such as in:
($a_j / $a) + (2 * cos(deg2rad($i))) * sqrt(($a/$a_j) * (1 - $e * $e)).

[Jewitt-2013-1] Jewitt, David (August 2013). "The DAMOCLOIDS". UCLA, Department of Earth and Space Sciences. Retrieved 14 February 2014. (2013 list / 2011 list / 2010 list)

[Nakamura-Damocloid-list-3] Akimasa Nakamura and bas (2 May 2009). "List of Damocloids (Oort cloud asteroids)". Lowell Observatory. Retrieved 15 February 2017.

[Jewitt-2005-4] Jewitt, David (2005). "A first look at the Damocloids" (PDF). The Astronomical Journal. 129 (1): 530–538. Bibcode:2005AJ....129..530J. doi:10.1086/426328. Retrieved 13 February 2011.

[jpl-search-5] "JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: asteroids and T-Jupiter <= 2". JPL Solar System Dynamics. Retrieved 1 June 2019. Search parameters used: Limited by object type/group: Asteroids and T-Jupiter <= 2

[jpl-30day-6] "JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: asteroids and T-Jupiter <= 2 and data-arc span > 30 (d)". JPL Solar System Dynamics. Retrieved 1 June 2019.

[velocity-7] "NEO Close-Approaches (Between 1900 and 2200)". NASA/JPL Near-Earth Object Program. Retrieved 22 June 2012. (sorted by descending relative velocity, dist<0.5 AU = "215,221 close-Earth approaches")

[MPC-Other-Unusual-8] "List Of Other Unusual Objects". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 1 June 2019.

[jpl-data-9] "JPL Small-Body Orbital Elements – ASCII Files". JPL Solar System Dynamics. Retrieved 19 October 2020.

[Alvarez-Candal-2013-12] Alvarez-Candal, A. (January 2013). "SDSS photometry of asteroids in cometary orbits" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 549: A34. arXiv:1211.4351. Bibcode:2013A&A...549A..34A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220274. ISSN 0004-6361.