1256
Year 1256 (MCCLVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| 1256 by topic |
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| Leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1256 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1256 MCCLVI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2009 |
| Armenian calendar | 705 ԹՎ ՉԵ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6006 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1177–1178 |
| Bengali calendar | 663 |
| Berber calendar | 2206 |
| English Regnal year | 40 Hen. 3 – 41 Hen. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1800 |
| Burmese calendar | 618 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6764–6765 |
| Chinese calendar | 乙卯年 (Wood Rabbit) 3952 or 3892 — to — 丙辰年 (Fire Dragon) 3953 or 3893 |
| Coptic calendar | 972–973 |
| Discordian calendar | 2422 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1248–1249 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5016–5017 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1312–1313 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1177–1178 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4356–4357 |
| Holocene calendar | 11256 |
| Igbo calendar | 256–257 |
| Iranian calendar | 634–635 |
| Islamic calendar | 653–654 |
| Japanese calendar | Kenchō 8 / Kōgen 1 (康元元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1165–1166 |
| Julian calendar | 1256 MCCLVI |
| Korean calendar | 3589 |
| Minguo calendar | 656 before ROC 民前656年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −212 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1798–1799 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴木兔年 (female Wood-Rabbit) 1382 or 1001 or 229 — to — 阳火龙年 (male Fire-Dragon) 1383 or 1002 or 230 |
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Events
Europe
- May 4 – Pope Alexander IV issues the papal bull Licet ecclesiae catholicae, constituting the Order of Saint Augustine at Lecceto Monastery.
- The city of Lviv, in present-day Ukraine, founded by Danylo King of Rus, is first mentioned in the written account of Chełm fire.
- Theodore II Lascaris, Byzantine Emperor (in exile in the Empire of Nicaea), successfully concludes a military campaign started a year earlier, to recover Thrace from the Bulgarians.
- Abingdon School is founded in England.
- August 25 – In Bologna slavery and serfdom is abolished; the event is recorded in the document called Liber Paradisus.
- Roger Bacon becomes a Franciscan friar.
- The Church of Santa Costanza, Rome, is consecrated.
- The ancient Irish Kingdom of Breifne splits into East Breifne and West Breifne, after a war between the O'Reillys and the O'Rourkes.
- The War of the Euboeote Succession begins, involving most of the lords of Frankish Greece and the Republic of Venice.
Asia
- May – Mongol forces capture and sack Tun (modern-day Ferdows), Persia and massacre its people.* June 30 – A large volcanic eruption in Harrat Rahat (near Medina) is associated with an Islamic prophecy.[1]
- October – Mongol commander Baiju (operating under Hulagu Khan's command) leads his forces in a victory over Kay Ka'us II of the Sultanate of Rum, thereby capturing Anatolia.
- November 19 – Nizari Ismaili Imam Rukn al-Din Khurshah surrendered to the invading Mongols under Hulagu while he was besieged in Maymun-Diz
- December 15 – Hulagu captures and dismantle the Alamut Castle after the surrender of the Nizari Ismaili leaders, disestablishing their state
- Hulagu Khan establishes the Ilkhanate dynasty of Persia, which will become one of four main divisions of the Mongol Empire.
- The Japanese Kenchō era ends, and the Kōgen era begins.
Births
- January 6 – Gertrude the Great, German mystic
- Robert, Count of Clermont, French founder of the House of Bourbon (d. 1317)
- Ibn al-Banna, Moroccan Arab mathematician (d. 1321)
Deaths
- January 28 – William II, Count of Holland, King of Germany
- April 12 – Margaret of Bourbon, Queen of Navarre, regent of Navarre (b. c. 1217)
- June 13 – Tankei, Japanese sculptor (b. 1173)
- September 1 – Kujō Yoritsune, Japanese shōgun (b. 1218)
- September 21 – William of Kilkenny, Lord Chancellor of England
- October 14 – Kujō Yoritsugu, Japanese shōgun (b. 1239)
- Johannes de Sacrobosco, English scholar
- Þórður kakali Sighvatsson, Icelandic leader
References
- The Seismicity of Egypt, Arabia and the Red Sea: A Historical Review p. 40
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