1692 Subbotina

1692 Subbotina, provisional designation 1936 QD, is a dark background asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 37 kilometers (23 miles) in diameter. The carbonaceous Cg-type asteroid has a rotation period of 9.2 hours.[12] It was discovered by Grigory Neujmin at the Crimean Simeiz Observatory in 1936, and later named after Soviet mathematician and astronomer Mikhail Subbotin.[1][2]

1692 Subbotina
Discovery [1]
Discovered byG. Neujmin
Discovery siteSimeiz Obs.
Discovery date16 August 1936
Designations
(1692) Subbotina
Named after
Mikhail Subbotin [2][3]
(Soviet scientist)
1936 QD · 1927 SL
1930 FG · 1931 OA
1935 GJ · 1935 JJ
1940 LK · 1941 SO1
1941 UA · 1949 HL1
1950 RZ · 1951 YM1
1955 SO2 · 1964 RC
main-belt [1][4] · (middle)
background [5][6]
Orbital characteristics [4]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc88.24 yr (32,228 d)
Aphelion3.1731 AU
Perihelion2.4012 AU
2.7871 AU
Eccentricity0.1385
4.65 yr (1,700 d)
289.80°
0° 12m 42.48s / day
Inclination2.4273°
199.66°
111.88°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
36.075±0.380 km[7][8][9]
36.59±1.7 km[10]
38.11±0.53 km[11]
9.2457±0.0005 h[12][13]
0.045[11]
0.0479[10]
0.049[7][9][8]
SMASS = Cg [4]
11.10[7][9][10][11]
11.20[14]
11.3[1][4][12][15][16]
11.48[17]

    Discovery

    Subbotina was discovered by Soviet-Russian astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Crimean Simeiz Observatory on 16 August 1936.[1] On the following night, astronomer Karl Reinmuth independently discovered the body at the Heidelberg Observatory in Germany.[2] The asteroid was first observed as 1927 SL at the discovering observatory in September 1927. Its first used observation was made at Heidelberg in July 1931, extending the body's observation arc by 5 years prior to its official discovery observation in 1936.[1]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named in memory of eminent Soviet mathematician and astronomer, Mikhail Subbotin (1893–1966), long-time director of the Institute of Theoretical Astronomy (ITA) in former Leningrad. The lunar crater Subbotin was also named in his honour.[2][3] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 June 1967 (M.P.C. 2740).[18]

    Orbit and classification

    Subbotina is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[5][6] It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.4–3.2 AU once every 4 years and 8 months (1,700 days; semi-major axis of 2.79 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.14 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic.[4]

    Physical characteristics

    In the SMASS-II taxonomy, Subbotina has been characterized as a dark Cg-type, a subtype of the wider group of carbonaceous C-type asteroids with low albedos.[4]

    Rotation period

    In October 2006, a rotational lightcurve of Subbotina was obtained from photometric observations by Italian Silvano Casulli and French Laurent Bernasconi, both amateur astronomers.[13] Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 9.2457±0.0005 hours with a brightness variation of 0.3 in magnitude (U=3).[12] Somewhat higher amplitudes of 0.42 and 0.62 magnitude were found by the NEOWISE mission.[14][17]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the space-based surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Subbotina measures between 34.8 and 43.0 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a notably low albedo in the range of 0.02 to 0.049.[5][8][9][10][11][14][12][16][17] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.04 and a diameter of 36.5 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 11.3.[12]

    References
    1. "1692 Subbotina (1936 QD)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1692) Subbotina". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1692) Subbotina. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 134–135. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1693. ISBN 978-3-540-29925-7.
    3. "Mikhail Fedorovich Subbotin (1893–1966) – Obituary". Soviet Astronomy. 11: 375–376. October 1967. Bibcode:1967SvA....11..375.
    4. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1692 Subbotina (1936 QD)" (2018-06-24 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
    5. "Asteroid 1692 Subbotina". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
    6. "Asteroid (1692) Subbotina – Proper elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
    7. Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; Kramer, E. A.; Masiero, J. R.; et al. (June 2016). "NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0". NASA Planetary Data System: EAR-A-COMPIL-5-NEOWISEDIAM-V1.0. Bibcode:2016PDSS..247.....M. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
    8. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68.
    9. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. (catalog)
    10. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
    11. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 8 February 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    12. "LCDB Data for (1692) Subbotina". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 8 February 2019.
    13. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1692) Subbotina". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
    14. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117.
    15. Masiero, Joseph R.; Nugent, C.; Mainzer, A. K.; Wright, E. L.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; et al. (October 2017). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Three: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 154 (4): 10. arXiv:1708.09504. Bibcode:2017AJ....154..168M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa89ec.
    16. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8.
    17. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63.
    18. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2009). "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7.

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