1863 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1863.
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Events
- January 1 – The essayist and poet Ralph Waldo Emerson commemorates today's Emancipation Proclamation in the United States by composing "Boston Hymn" and surprising a crowd of 3,000 with a debut reading of it at Boston Music Hall.
- January 31 – Jules Verne's novel Five Weeks in a Balloon, or, Journeys and Discoveries in Africa by Three Englishmen (Cinq semaines en ballon) is published by Pierre-Jules Hetzel in Paris. It will be the first of Verne's Voyages Extraordinaires.
- February 3 – Samuel Langhorne Clemens, in signing a humorous letter to the Territorial Enterprise newspaper in Virginia City, Nevada, first uses the pen name Mark Twain.
- February 28 – Flaubert and Turgenev meet for the first time, in Paris.[1]
- June 12 – The Arts Club is founded by Charles Dickens, Anthony Trollope, Frederic Leighton and others in London's Mayfair, as a social meeting place for those involved or interested in the creative arts.
- June 13 – Samuel Butler's dystopian article "Darwin among the Machines" is published (as by "Cellarius") in The Press newspaper in Christchurch, New Zealand; it will be incorporated into his novel Erewhon (1872).
- November – Mendele Mocher Sforim's his first Yiddish language story, "Dos Kleine Menshele" (The Little Man), is published in the Odessa weekly Kol Mevasser.[2]
- December 29 – An estimated 7000 people attend the funeral of William Makepeace Thackeray at Kensington Gardens and nearly 2000 his burial in London's Kensal Green Cemetery.[3]
- unknown dates
- The Romanian Junimea literary society is established in Iași. It will exercise a major influence on Romanian culture until the 1910s.[4]
- Elvira, or the Love of a Tyrant, a novel by the Neapolitan author Giuseppe Folliero de Luna, becomes the first published in the Maltese language, as Elvira Jew Imħabba ta’ Tirann.
- Publication begins in the U.K. of a seminal edition of The Works of William Shakespeare (the "Cambridge Shakespeare"), edited by William George Clark and William Aldis Wright, published by Macmillan and printed by Cambridge University Press.[5]
New books
Fiction
- Mary Elizabeth Braddon
- Aurora Floyd
- Eleanor's Victory
- Nikolai Chernyshevsky – What Is to Be Done? (Что делать?, Shto delat'?)
- George Eliot – Romola
- "Charles Felix" (probably Charles Warren Adams) – The Notting Hill Mystery (serialization completed, book form; considered first full-length detective novel in English)[6][7]
- Elizabeth Gaskell – Sylvia's Lovers
- Théophile Gautier – Captain Fracasse
- Edward Everett Hale – The Man Without a Country
- Mary Jane Holmes – Marian Grey
- Jean Ingelow – "The Prince's Dream" (short story)
- Julia Kavanagh – Queen Mab
- Sheridan Le Fanu – The House by the Churchyard
- John Neal — The White-Faced Pacer, or, Before and After the Battle[8]
- Mrs Oliphant – Salem Chapel, first of The Chronicles of Carlingford (in book form)
- Ouida – Held in Bondage[9]
- Charles Reade – Very Hard Cash (later Hard Cash)
- Miguel Riofrío – La Emancipada (the first Ecuadorian novel)
- Anne Thackeray Ritchie – The Story of Elizabeth
- Leo Tolstoy – The Cossacks (Казаки, Kazaki)
- John Townsend Trowbridge – Cudjo's Cave
- Giovanni Verga – Sulle Lagune (In the Lagoons)
Children and young people
- Charles Kingsley – The Water-Babies, A Fairy Tale for a Land Baby (complete in book form)[10]
- Jules Verne – Five Weeks in a Balloon
Drama
- W. S. Gilbert – Uncle Baby
- Tom Taylor – The Ticket-of-Leave Man
Poetry
- Rosalía de Castro – Cantares gallegos
- Henry Wadsworth Longfellow – Tales of a Wayside Inn, including "Paul Revere's Ride"
Non-fiction
- John Austin (posthumously, compiled by Sarah Austin) – Lectures on Jurisprudence
- Samuel Bache – Miracles the Credentials of the Christ
- William Barnes – Glossary of Dorset Dialect
- Henry Walter Bates – The Naturalist on the River Amazons.[11]
- William Wells Brown – The Black Man: His Antecedents, His Genius and His Achievements
- Francis James Child – Observations on the Language of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales
- Gustav Freytag – Die Technik des Dramas
- Alexander Gilchrist (posthumously, edited by Anne Gilchrist) – Life of William Blake, "Pictor Ignotus"; with selections from his poems and other writings
- William Howitt – History of the Supernatural
- Fanny Kemble – Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation in 1838–1839
- Charles Lyell – Geological Evidences of the Antiquity of Man[11]
- Ernest Renan – The Life of Jesus (Vie de Jésus)
Births
- February 9 – Anthony Hope (Anthony Hope Hawkins), English novelist and playwright (died 1933)
- March 3 – Arthur Machen (Arthur Llewellyn Jones), Welsh novelist and short story writer (died 1947)
- March 12 – Gabriele D'Annunzio, Italian poet (died 1938)
- March 17 – Olivia Shakespear (née Tucker), British novelist, playwright and patron of the arts (died 1938)
- April 9 – Henry De Vere Stacpoole, Irish novelist (died 1951)
- April 26 – Arno Holz, German Naturalist poet and dramatist (died 1929)
- April 29 – Constantine Cavafy, Greek Alexandrine poet (died 1933)
- June 10 – Louis Couperus, Dutch fiction writer (died 1923)
- June 20 – Florence White, English food writer (died 1940)
- July 13 – Margaret Murray, Indian-born English archeologist and historian (died 1963)
- August 7 – Gene Stratton Porter, American novelist and naturalist (died 1924)
- September 1 – Violet Jacob (Violet Kennedy-Erskine), Scottish historical novelist and poet (died 1946)
- September 8 – W. W. Jacobs, English short story writer (died 1943)
- September 22 – Ferenc Herczeg (Franz Herzog), Hungarian dramatist (died 1954)
- November 1
- Charlotte O'Conor Eccles, Irish-born London writer, translator and journalist (died 1911)
- Arthur Morrison, English writer (died 1945)
- November 18 – Richard Dehmel, German poet (died 1920)
- November 21 – Sir Arthur Quiller-Couch (Q.), English novelist and anthologist (died 1944)[12]
- December 16 – George Santayana, American novelist and poet (died 1952)
Deaths
- May 13 – August Hahn, German Protestant theologian (born 1792)
- July 3 – William Barksdale, American journalist and Confederate general (killed in action, born 1821[13]
- July 10 – Clement Clarke Moore, American classicist and poet (born 1779)
- September 17 – Alfred de Vigny, French poet, dramatist and novelist (born 1797)[14]
- September 20 – Jacob Grimm, German philologist and fairy-tale author (born 1785)[15]
- October 6 – Frances Trollope, English novelist and writer (born 1779)
- October 8 – Richard Whately, English theologian and archbishop (born 1787)
- December 13 – Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German poet and dramatist (born 1813)
- December 17 – Émile Saisset, French philosopher (born 1814)
- December 24 – William Makepeace Thackeray, Indian-born English novelist and travel writer (stroke, born 1811)[16]
References
- Figes, Orlando (2019). The Europeans. [London]: Allen Lane. pp. 298–9. ISBN 978-0-241-00489-0.
- Solomon Liptzin (1985). A History of Yiddish Literature. Jonathan David. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-8246-0307-6.
- Victorian Web: Grave of William Makepeace Thackeray. Accessed 8 March 2013
- Romanian Review. Romania. 1990. p. 62.
- William Shakespeare (15 October 1992). The Tragedy of King Lear. Cambridge University Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-521-33729-8.
- Collins, Paul (2011-01-07). "Before Hercule or Sherlock, There Was Ralph". The New York Times Book Review.
- Symons, Julian (1972). Bloody Murder: From the Detective Story to the Crime Novel. London: Faber and Faber. p. 51. ISBN 978-0-571-09465-3.
There is no doubt that the first detective novel, preceding Collins and Gaboriau, was The Notting Hill Mystery.
- Lease, Benjamin (1972). That Wild Fellow John Neal and the American Literary Revolution. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. p. 206. ISBN 0-226-46969-7.
- Leavis, Q. D. (1965). Fiction and the Reading Public (2nd ed.). London: Chatto & Windus.
- Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 283–284. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- Everett, Jason M., ed. (2006). "1863". The People's Chronology. Thomson Gale.
- Arthue Quiller -Couch A biographical study of Q. CUP Archive. p. 3.
- William Barksdale biography Archived 2013-09-16 at the Wayback Machine, Sons of Confederate Veterans
- Alfred de Vigny (1972). Cinq Mars (Complete). Library of Alexandria. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-4655-5006-4.
- William Bright (1992). International Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Oxford University Press. p. 93. ISBN 978-0-19-505196-4.
- The Nineteenth Century and After. Leonard Scott Publishing Company. 1945. p. 127.
- Jones, Gwilym Arthur. "Thomas, Thomas Llewelyn (1840–1897), scholar, teacher and linguist". Welsh Biography Online. University of Wales Press. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
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