1876–77 in Scottish football

The Scottish Cup was contested for the fourth time with Vale of Leven winning the cup for the first time. On the international front, Scotland played two away matches including their first in Wales.

In addition, Queen's Park competed in the FA Cup and the Glasgow Merchants Charity Cup was played for the first time.

The increasing popularity of the competition saw 81 clubs entering the tournament's fourth edition. Vale of Leven progress to the latter stages was comfortable, eliminating Helensburgh, Vale of Leven Rovers, 3rd Lanark RV and Busby without conceding a goal. They also became the first team to beat Queen's Park in a competitive fixture in the quarter-final before beating Ayr Thistle in the semi-final. Rangers received two byes through the course of the competition, including in the semi-finals. They conceded just one goal on their road to the final, defeating Queen's Park Juniors, Towerhill, Mauchline and Lennox.

There were two notable firsts for the final — the absence of Queen's Park, and the need for a second replay. As with the previous season, the first match was staged at Hamilton Crescent and finished in a 1–1 draw. Three weeks later, the same result was recorded at the same venue before Robert Paton scored an 88th-minute winner as Vale of Leven recorded a 3–2 win at Hampden Park.

Queen's Park received byes to the third round but then withdrew before playing Oxford University.[1]