1992 Galvarino

1992 Galvarino, provisional designation 1968 OD, is an Eoan asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter.

1992 Galvarino
Discovery [1]
Discovered byC. Torres
S. Cofré
Discovery siteCerro El Roble Stn.
Discovery date18 July 1968
Designations
(1992) Galvarino
Named after
Galvarino (Mapuche warrior)[2]
1968 OD
main-belt · Eos [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc48.69 yr (17,783 days)
Aphelion3.1367 AU
Perihelion2.8468 AU
2.9917 AU
Eccentricity0.0485
5.17 yr (1,890 days)
197.49°
0° 11m 25.8s / day
Inclination10.570°
182.59°
98.241°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions9.597±0.105 km[4][5]
10.24 km (calculated)[3]
7.004 h[6]
0.14 (assumed)[3]
0.145±0.018[4][5]
M [4] · L [7] · S [3]
12.7[1][3] · 12.8[4] · 12.91±0.22[7]

    It was discovered on 18 July 1968, by Chilean astronomers Carlos Torres and S. Cofre at the Cerro El Roble Station of Chile's National Astronomical Observatory, and named after the indigenous warrior Galvarino.[2][8]

    Classification and orbit

    Galvarino is a stony S-type asteroid and a member of the Eos family, an orbital group of more than 4,000 asteroids, which are well known for mostly being of stony composition with a relatively high albedo. It is also classified as a M- and L-type asteroids by WISE and PanSTARRS, respectively.[4][7]

    It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.8–3.1 AU once every 5 years and 2 months (1,890 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.05 and an inclination of 11° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] Its observation arc begins with its official discovery observation in 1968, as no precoveries and no previous identifications were made.[8]

    Physical characteristics

    As of 2016, a single rotational lightcurve of Galvarino has been obtained. The photometric observations were made in the 1990s, giving a well-defined rotation period of 7.004 hours with a brightness variation of 0.6 magnitude (U=3).[6]

    According to the surveys carried out by NASA's WISE satellite with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, the asteroid measures 9.6 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.145,[4][5] while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.14 and calculates a diameter of 10.2 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.7.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after the indigenous warrior Galvarino, the heroic figure during the Arauco War, a long-running conflict between colonial Spaniards and the Mapuche people of the 16th century in what is now Chile.

    He was condemned by the Spanish soldiers to have his hands cut off and then to be freed as a living lesson to other Indians. Since his request for death was not granted, he promised revenge. He continued to fight the conquerors until recaptured and condemned to the gallows.[2] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 June 1980 (M.P.C. 5358).[9]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1992 Galvarino (1968 OD)" (2017-03-26 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1992) Galvarino". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1992) Galvarino. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 161. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1993. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1992) Galvarino". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    4. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    5. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    6. Birlan, M.; Barucci, M. A.; Angeli, C. A.; Doressoundiram, A.; De Sanctis, M. C. (June 1996). "Rotational properties of asteroids: CCD observations of nine small asteroids". Planetary and Space Science. 44 (6): 555–558. Bibcode:1996P&SS...44..555B. doi:10.1016/0032-0633(96)00019-0. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    7. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    8. "1992 Galvarino (1968 OD)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    9. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 8 December 2016.

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