1996 South Korean legislative election

Legislative elections were held in South Korea on 12 April 1996.[1] The result was a victory for the New Korea Party, which won 139 of the 299 seats in the National Assembly. Voter turnout was 63.9%. Although the New Korea Party remained the largest party in the National Assembly, it failed to win the majority.

1996 South Korean legislative election
11 April 1996
All 299 seats in the National Assembly
150 seats needed for a majority
Turnout63.9% (8 pp)
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Kim Young-sam Kim Dae-jung
Party New Korea National Congress
Leader since 28 August 1992 5 September 1995
Leader's seat not contesting
(President)		 PR List 14
(lost seat)
Last election 38.5%, 149 seats –
Seats won 139 79
Seat change 10 New
Popular vote 6,783,730 4,971,961
Percentage 34.5% 25.3%
  Third party Fourth party
 
Leader Kim Jong-pil Park Il
Chang Eul-byung
Party ULD UDP
Leader since 21 March 1995 21 December 1995
Leader's seat Buyeo
Last election – 31.0%, 98 seats[lower-alpha 1]
Seats won 50 15
Seat change New 83
Popular vote 3,178,474 2,207,695
Percentage 16.2% 12.2%
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Parties

The governing New Korea Party (formerly the Democratic Liberal Party) of President Kim Young-sam, lost its absolute parliamentary majority. The election was held three years into President Kim's five year mandate.

The opposition National Congress for New Politics was formed by veteran opposition leader Kim Dae-jung and his supporters in the Democratic Party. Kim had retired from politics following his loss in the 1992 Presidential election but formed the new party after his return in 1995.

The right-wing United Liberal Democrats was led by former Prime Minister of South Korea Kim Jong-pil, a former ally of President Kim. He had been a member of the former ruling Democratic Liberal Party but broke with it after Kim's victory in 1992. It joined with Kim Dae Jung's opposition and formed coalition.

The United Democratic Party had once been the premier opposition party. It supported Kim Dae-jung's unsuccessful Presidential campaign in 1992 and was the largest opposition party in the outgoing National Assembly. However, following the defection of Kim and his supporters, the party was reduced to a minor force. It later merged to Kim's party.

Results
Party Votes % Seats
FPTP PR Total +/–
New Korea Party6,783,73034.5 121 18139–10
National Congress for New Politics4,971,96125.3 66 1379New
United Liberal Democrats3,178,47416.2 41 950New
United Democratic Party2,207,69511.2 9 615–83
Unified People of Non-faction Party177,0500.9 0 00New
Great Korean Democratic Party3,1140.0 0 00New
21st Century Korean Independence Party1,6930.0 0 00New
Chinmin Party5710.0 0 00New
Independents2,328,78511.8 16 016–5
Invalid/blank votes469,726– – –––
Total20,122,799100 253 462990
Registered voters/turnout31,488,29463.9 – –––
Source: Nohlen et al.

Results by city/province
Region Total
seats		 Seats won
New Korea National Congress ULD UDP Ind.
Seoul 47 27 18 0 1 1
Busan 21 21 0 0 0 0
Daegu 13 2 0 8 0 3
Incheon 11 9 2 0 0 0
Gwangju 6 0 6 0 0 0
Daejeon 7 0 0 7 0 0
Gyeonggi 38 18 10 5 3 2
Gangwon 13 9 0 2 2 0
North Chungcheong 8 2 0 5 0 1
South Chungcheong 13 1 0 12 0 0
North Jeolla 14 1 13 0 0 0
South Jeolla 17 0 17 0 0 0
North Gyeongsang 19 11 0 2 1 5
South Gyeongsang 23 17 0 0 2 4
Jeju 3 3 0 0 0 0
Constituency total 253 121 66 41 9 16
PR list 46 18 13 9 6 0
Total 299 139 79 50 15 16

Notes
  1. Combined total of the Democratic Party and the New Political Reform Party, which had merged in 1995 to form the United Democratic Party.

References
  1. Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p420 ISBN 0-19-924959-8
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