264 BC
Year 264 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caudex and Flaccus (or, less frequently, year 490 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 264 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
| Millennium: | 1st millennium BC |
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| 264 BC by topic |
| Politics |
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| Categories |
| Gregorian calendar | 264 BC CCLXIII BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 490 |
| Ancient Egypt era | XXXIII dynasty, 60 |
| - Pharaoh | Ptolemy II Philadelphus, 20 |
| Ancient Greek era | 129th Olympiad (victor)¹ |
| Assyrian calendar | 4487 |
| Balinese saka calendar | N/A |
| Bengali calendar | −856 |
| Berber calendar | 687 |
| Buddhist calendar | 281 |
| Burmese calendar | −901 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5245–5246 |
| Chinese calendar | 丙申年 (Fire Monkey) 2433 or 2373 — to — 丁酉年 (Fire Rooster) 2434 or 2374 |
| Coptic calendar | −547 – −546 |
| Discordian calendar | 903 |
| Ethiopian calendar | −271 – −270 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3497–3498 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | −207 – −206 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 2837–2838 |
| Holocene calendar | 9737 |
| Iranian calendar | 885 BP – 884 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 912 BH – 911 BH |
| Javanese calendar | N/A |
| Julian calendar | N/A |
| Korean calendar | 2070 |
| Minguo calendar | 2175 before ROC 民前2175年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −1731 |
| Seleucid era | 48/49 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 279–280 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳火猴年 (male Fire-Monkey) −137 or −518 or −1290 — to — 阴火鸡年 (female Fire-Rooster) −136 or −517 or −1289 |
The Roman republic in 264 BC (all colours except light green, white and blue).
Events
Greece
Roman Republic
- The tyrant of Syracuse, Hiero II, once more attacks the Mamertines. They ally themselves with a nearby Carthaginian fleet and hold off the Syracusans. However, when the Carthaginians do not leave, the Mamertines appeal to Rome for an alliance, hoping for more reliable protection. Although initially reluctant to assist, lest it encourage other mercenary groups to mutiny, Rome is unwilling to see Carthaginian power spread further over Sicily and encroach on Italy. Rome therefore enters into an alliance with the Mamertines. By this action, the First Punic War begins and will embroil Rome in a conflict with Carthage that will continue for 23 years.
- The Roman consul Appius Claudius Caudex and his two legions are deployed to Sicily, the first time a Roman army has gone into action outside the Italian peninsula.
- Appius Claudius Caudex leads his forces to Messina, and as the Mamertines have convinced the Carthaginians to withdraw, he meets with only minimal resistance. The Mamertines hand the city over to Appius Claudius, but the Carthaginians return to set up a blockade. The Syracusans, meanwhile, are also stationed outside the city.
- Appius Claudius leads his troops outside the city of Messina to defeat the Syracusans in battle forcing Hiero to retreat back to Syracuse. The next day Claudius defeats the Carthaginians.
- The temple to Vertumnus is built on the Aventine Hill in Rome.
- Three pairs of gladiators face off in the first recorded gladiatorial combat, held at the funeral games in honour of aristocrat Junius Brutus Pera in the Forum Boarium.
China
- The Chinese Confucian philosopher Xunzi visits the State of Qin. He writes of his and others' admiration for the government officials of Qin, whom he says are serious and sincere, free from the tendency to form cliques. The Qin officials are disciplined by a meritocracy of rather harsh methods imposed by the Legalist philosophy.
Births
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