4265 Kani

4265 Kani (prov. designation: 1989 TX) is a dark background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered by Japanese astronomers Yoshikane Mizuno and Toshimasa Furuta at Kani Observatory (403) on 8 October 1989.[11] The carbonaceous C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 5.7 hours and measures approximately 14 kilometers (9 miles) in diameter. It was named for the Japanese city of Kani.[2]

4265 Kani
Shape model of Salvia from its lightcurve
Discovery [1]
Discovered byY. Mizuno
T. Furuta
Discovery siteKani Obs. (403)
Discovery date8 October 1989
Designations
(4265) Kani
Named after
Kani (Japanese city)[2]
1989 TX · 1940 WM
1955 VJ · 1974 VH2
1983 AP1 · A917 TB
main-belt · (inner) [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc76.33 yr (27,880 days)
Aphelion2.9147 AU
Perihelion1.9407 AU
2.4277 AU
Eccentricity0.2006
3.78 yr (1,382 days)
140.60°
0° 15m 38.16s / day
Inclination4.3567°
127.25°
242.75°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
14.244±0.160 km[4][5]
15.74±0.76 km[6]
5.72755±0.00005 h[7]
5.727574±0.000001 h[8]
5.7279±0.0001 h[lower-alpha 1][9]
5.7285±0.0011 h[10]
0.054±0.006[6]
0.056±0.007[4]
0.0565±0.0074[5]
SMASS = C [1][3]
12.8[5][6] · 12.940±0.006 (R)[10] · 13.0[1][3]

    Orbit and classification

    Kani is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.9–2.9 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,382 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's first observation at Crimea-Simeis dates back to 1917, while the first used observation was made at Turku in 1940, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 49 years prior to its discovery.[11]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named for the Japanese city of Kani, home of the discoverer, located in the countryside of Japan's Gifu Prefecture, approximately 30 kilometers north of Nagoya, the country's third largest city. Kani is situated on the Kiso riverside, which is referred to as the Japan Rhine because of its similarities to the Rhine in Europe.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 11 March 1990 (M.P.C. 16045).[12]

    Physical characteristics

    In the Bus–Binzel SMASS classification, Kani is characterized as a common, carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[1]

    Rotation period

    In October 2008, two rotational lightcurves of this asteroid were obtained from photometric observations made at the Golden Hill Observatory in Stourton Caundle and the Palmer Divide Observatory in Colorado Springs, Colorado. The lightcurves gave an identical rotation period of 5.7279±0.0001 hours and a brightness variation of 0.75 ± 0.02 in magnitude (U=3/3).[9][lower-alpha 1] Observations at the Palomar Transient Factory and revised shape-models have since confirmed the body's rotation period.[7][10]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the space-based surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, the asteroid measures 15.7 and 14.2 kilometers in diameter, respectively.[4][5][6] Conversely, the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link calculates a diameter of only 7.5 kilometers, due to an assumed albedo of 0.20, which is untypically high for a carbonaceous asteroid.[3]

    Notes
    1. Pravec (2008): lightcurve plot for (4265) Kani, with a rotation period 5.7279±0.0001 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.75 mag. Summary figures at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL)

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 4265 Kani (1989 TX)" (2017-03-30 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(4265) Kani". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 365. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_4226. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (4265) Kani". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 7 June 2016.
    4. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
    5. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
    6. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    7. Hanuš, J.; Ďurech, J.; Oszkiewicz, D. A.; Behrend, R.; Carry, B.; Delbo, M.; et al. (February 2016). "New and updated convex shape models of asteroids based on optical data from a large collaboration network". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 586: A108. arXiv:1510.07422. Bibcode:2016A&A...586A.108H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527441. ISSN 0004-6361.
    8. Ďurech, J.; Hanuš, J.; Oszkiewicz, D.; Vančo, R. (March 2016). "Asteroid models from the Lowell photometric database". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 587: A48. arXiv:1601.02909. Bibcode:2016A&A...587A..48D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527573. ISSN 0004-6361.
    9. Miles, Richard; Warner, Brian D. (April 2009). "The Rotation Period of 4265 Kani and an Example of the Meridian Flip Problem" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 36 (2): 66–68. Bibcode:2009MPBu...36...66M. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
    10. Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
    11. "4265 Kani (1989 TX)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
    12. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
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