740s

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	7th century; 8th century; 9th century;
Decades:	720s; 730s; 740s; 750s; 760s;
Years:	740; 741; 742; 743; 744; 745; 746; 747; 748; 749;
Categories:	Births; Deaths; Establishments; Disestablishments;

The 740s decade ran from January 1, 740, to December 31, 749.

Events

740

By place

Byzantine Empire

Battle of Akroinon: Following the disastrous Battle of Sebastopolis (see 692), Emperor Leo III has largely confined himself to a defensive strategy, while the Umayyad armies regularly launch raids into Byzantine-held Anatolia.[1] Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik assembles an expeditionary force (90,000 men) under his son Sulayman ibn Hisham. One of these armies, 20,000 men strong under Abdallah al-Battal, is defeated at Akroinon (modern-day Afyon) by the Byzantines, led by Leo and his son, the future emperor Constantine V. About 6,800 Muslim Arabs, however, resist and manage to conduct an orderly retreat to Synnada (Phrygia).[2]
October 26 – 740 Constantinople earthquake. An earthquake strikes Constantinople and the surrounding countryside, causing destruction to the city's land walls and buildings.

Europe

The Berber tribes in the recently conquered region of Galicia (northwest Spain) rebel. This facilitates the establishment of an independent kingdom in the Cantabrian Mountains under King Alfonso I of Asturias.[3]
Duke Thrasimund II recovers the duchy of Spoleto and kills Hilderic with Papal-Beneventian aid.[4] He does not return the confiscated papal cities, and his alliance with Pope Gregory III ruptures.
December – King Liutprand of the Lombards attempts to counter the growing independence of the Lombard duchies in southern Italy.
Sicily, Sardinia, Provence, and Greece are raided by a fleet of Arab Muslim ships sent by the governor of Ifriqya, the ones raiding South Western Europe are led by Habīb Ibn Abi ‘Ubayda Al-Fihrī, while the fleet raiding Greece is led by Mu’awiya ibn Hishām. All of them are successful, submitting the Islands and returning with much wealth from the spoils of war.

Britain

King Eadberht of Northumbria marches his army north to attack the Picts. King Æthelbald of Mercia takes advantage of his absence, and ravages the city of York. Internal struggles re-emerge in Northumbria with the murder of Eardwine, probably the son of the late usurping king Eadwulf I.[5]
King Æthelheard of Wessex dies after a 14-year reign. He is succeeded by his brother (and probably distant relative) Cuthred. Æthelbald of Mercia takes control of Berkshire from Wessex.

Africa

Battle of the Nobles: The Berber rebels under chieftain Khalid ibn Hamid al-Zanati defeat and overwhelm the Umayyad forces of Khalid ibn Abi Habib al-Fihri, near Tangier (Northern Morocco), undermining Arab domination in Islamic North Africa. The rebellion spreads in Al-Andalus (Spain), causing governor Ubayd Allah ibn al-Habhab to withdraw Moorish troops from many garrisons north of the Pyrenees.[6]

Asia

Much to the delight of the citizens of Chang'an, the Chinese government of the Tang Dynasty orders fruit trees to be planted along every main avenue of the city, which enriches not only the diets of the people but also the surroundings (approximate date)
Fujiwara no Hirotsugu Rebellion: The Fujiwara clan led by Fujiwara no Hirotsugu, dissatisfied with the political powers in Japan, raise an army in Dazaifa (Kyushu) but are defeated by government forces.
The Japanese imperial capital is moved from Heijō-kyō to Kuni-kyō.

By topic

Religion

The Khazars, a nation of the Black Sea steppe, though not ethnically Jewish, voluntarily convert to Judaism.
Cuthbert becomes archbishop of Canterbury after the death of Nothhelm (see 739).

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Significant people

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References

Blankinship 1994, pp. 104–105, 117
Blankinship 1994, p. 170
de Oliviera Marques, A. H. (1993). "O Portugal Islâmico". In Joel Serrão and A. H. de Oliverira Marques (ed.). Hova Historia de Portugal. Portugal das Invasões Germânicas à Reconquista. Lisbon: Editorial Presença. p. 123.
Hartmann, chapter II (pp. 2, 139)
Kirby, pp. 150 & 154; Yorke, Kings, p. 89
David Nicolle (2008). Poitiers AD 732, Charles Martel turns the Islamic tide (p. 19). ISBN 978-184603-230-1

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[1] Blankinship 1994, pp. 104–105, 117

[2] Blankinship 1994, p. 170

[3] Oliviera Marques, A. H. (1993). "O Portugal Islâmico". In Joel Serrão and A. H. de Oliverira Marques (ed.). Hova Historia de Portugal. Portugal das Invasões Germânicas à Reconquista. Lisbon: Editorial Presença. p. 123.

[4] Hartmann, chapter II (pp. 2, 139)

[5] Kirby, pp. 150 & 154; Yorke, Kings, p. 89

[6] David Nicolle (2008). Poitiers AD 732, Charles Martel turns the Islamic tide (p. 19). ISBN 978-184603-230-1

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	7th century 8th century 9th century
Decades:	720s 730s 740s 750s 760s
Years:	740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749
Categories:	Births Deaths Establishments Disestablishments