ANNA 1B
ANNA 1B (acronym for "Army, Navy, NASA, Air Force") was a United States satellite launched on October 31, 1962 from Cape Canaveral, on a Thor rocket.
 Photo of ANNA 1B | |
| Mission type | Geodetic research |
|---|---|
| Operator | Department of Defense / NASA |
| COSPAR ID | 1962-060A |
| SATCAT no. | 00446 |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Manufacturer | Applied Physics Laboratory[1] |
| Launch mass | 161 kilograms (355 lb) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | October 31, 1962, 08:03:00 UTC |
| Rocket | Thor-DM21 Able Star |
| Launch site | Cape Canaveral LC-17A |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Semi-major axis | 7,505.0 kilometers (4,663.4 mi) |
| Perigee altitude | 1,081.6 kilometers (672.1 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 1,186.7 kilometers (737.4 mi) |
| Inclination | 50.1° |
| Period | 107.8 minutes[2] |
Features
ANNA 1B's predecessor launched on May 10, 1962, but failed to reach orbit.[3]
ANNA 1B was a US Navy geodetic satellite launched from Cape Canaveral by a Thor Able Star rocket. The mission profile involved ANNA serving as a reference for making precise geodetic surveys, allowing measurement of the force and direction of the gravity field of Earth, locating the middle of land masses and establishing surface positions.
ANNA 1B was spherically shaped with a diameter of 0.91 meters and a weight of 161 kg. It was powered by a band of solar cells located around its equator supported by nickel-cadmium batteries. A communications antenna was wrapped around the spiral surface of the satellite.
The ship's instrumentation included optical systems, radio location, and Doppler radar. The optical system consisted of a high intensity beacon which transmits a series of five flashes with a period of 5.6 seconds. This allowed one to accurately measure land masses by ground-to-sky satellite photographs (optical tracking). The Doppler radar system could also be programmed from the ground control station and allowed geopositioning with an accuracy of 20 meters or less.
References
- Mark Wade. "Anna". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 2013-11-08. Retrieved 2016-06-28.
- N2YO. Real Time Satellite Tracking. "ANNA 1B". N2yo.com. Retrieved 2016-06-28.
- NASA. "ANNA1". Nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2016-06-28.
Bibliography
- Bramschere, Robert G (1980). "A Survey of Launch Vehicle Failures". Spaceflight 22: 351.