Abahattha

Abahaṭ‌ṭha (Prakrit: abasaṭ‌ṭa, ultimately from Sanskrit apaśabda;[1] "meaningless sound") is a stage in the evolution of the Eastern group of Indo-Aryan languages. The eastern group consists of languages such as Bengali, Maithili, Assamese and Odia. Abahatta is also called Apabhramsa Avahatta, Apabhramsha Abahatta or Purvi Apabhramsa. Abahatta is considered to follow the Apabhraṃśa stage, i.e. those Apabhraṃśas derived from Magadhi Prakrit.

A page from 10th cent. Dakarnava in Abahattha

Abahatta, which existed from the 6th century to 14th century, was contemporaneous with some Apabhraṃśas as well as the early modern languages such as Old Odia, Old Bengali, Old Maithili and Old Assamese. Many poets composed both in Abahatta and a modern language such as the Charyapada poets, who wrote dohas or short religious verses in Abahatta; the Maithili poet Vidyapati wrote his poem Kirtilata in Abahatta.

The Abahattha stage is characterized by

• Loss of affixes and suffixes
• Loss of grammatical gender
• Increased usage of short vowels
• Nasalisation at the end or in the middle of words
• The substitution of h for s

In the history of the Bengali language, the Abahatta stage was followed by the Old Bengali language by c. 1100.