Abdul-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr

Abdul-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr (Arabic: عبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر‎) was the eldest son of Abu Bakr, the first Caliph. His mother was Um Ruman bint Amir ibn Uwaymir ibn Zuhal ibn Dahman and he was the full brother of Aisha. He and three other children of Abu Bakr namely Abdullah, Aisha and Asma were born sometime between 595 AD to 600 AD.[1] It is said that he had a good sense of humour.

Abdul Rahman ibn Abi Bakr
عبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر
Born
Abdul-Rahman عبد الرحمن

Mecca, Hejaz
Died675
Mecca, Umayyad Caliphate
Other names
  • Abdul-Rahman ibn Abdullah
  • Ibn Abu Bakr
Spouse(s)Qurayba bint Abi Umayya
Children
  • Abu Atiq Muhammad
  • Abdullah ibn Abdul-Rahman
  • Umm Hakim bint Abdul-Rahman
  • Asma bint Abdul-Rahman
  • Muhammad ibn Abdul-Rahman
  • Hafsa bint Abdul-Rahman
Parents
Relatives

Unlike the rest of his family, including his father Abu Bakr and sister Aisha, he did not convert to Islam until the Treaty of Hudaybiyah in 628 AD.[2]

Four generations of the family of Abdul-Rahman had the distinction of being the companions (sahaba) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad namely Abdul-Rahman, his father Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, his grandfather Uthman Abu Quhafa and his son Abu Atiq Muhammad. It was believed that no other family held this distinction.[1]

Participation in battles

While still a non-Muslim, Abdul-Rahman fought from the side of Quraish in the Battles of Badr and Uhud.

In the Battle of Badr, he had an opportunity to kill his father, Abu Bakr, but he turned in another direction. Years later, after becoming Muslim, he told his father about it. Thereupon Abu Bakr replied: "If I had had such an opportunity, I would not have spared you."[3]

In the Battle of Uhud before the fighting began, he came forward and threw down a challenge for a duel. Abu Bakr accepted the challenge, but Muhammad stopped him, saying, "Sheathe your sword, and let us continue to profit by your wise counsels."[4]

After becoming a Muslim, Abdul-Rahman participated in all the battles fought by the Muslims and gained fame as a fierce warrior, especially in the Muslim conquest of Syria. He was one of the Mubarizun champions and fought duels in the battles for the Muslim army. The mubarizun unit of the Rashidun army was composed of elite warriors who were champion swordsmen, lancers and archers. In the battlefield his role was to undermine the morale of the enemy before the beginning of the battle by slaying their champions in duels.

In the Battle of Yamama he killed Muhakkam al-Yamama, the General commanding the forces of Musaylima.

In the Battle of Yarmouk, the Commander in chief of Byzantine force chose five selected warriors from Byzantine side, and they challenged the Muslims to duel. It was Abdul-Rahman who accepted the challenge. Scores of duels were fought on the plains of Yarmouk. Abdul-Rahman killed all of them one after the other.[5]

At the Battle of Busra in Syria, he entered the city of Busra through a subterranean passage and then dashing towards the city gates opened them for the main Muslim army to enter.[6]

He fought on the side of Ali ibn Abi Talib against his own sister Aisha bint Abi Bakr at the Battle of the Camel in 656 AD.

After his death, he was buried in Mecca.[7] .

Abdul-Rahman is the ancestor of many Albakri Al-Siddiqi families: the Al Atiqi found in Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Iraq, and Siddiqui and Quraishi families in South and Central Asia. In the Horn of Africa, they are known as the Sheekhaal or Fiqi Umar family in Somalia, Ethiopia and Kenya.

See also

References
  1. Siddiq-e-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr by prof. Masud ul Hassan Printed and published by A. Salam, Ferozsons Ltd 60, Shahrah-e-Quaid-e-Azam, Lahore OCLC 3478821
  2. Siddiq-e-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr by prof. Masud ul Hassan Printed and Published by A. Salam, Ferozsons Ltd 60, Shahrah-e-Quaid-e-Azam, Lahore OCLC 3478821
  3. As-Suyuti, Tarikh al-Khulafa. Translated by Jarrett, H. S. (1881). The History of the Caliphs, p. 35. Calcutta: Asiatic Society.
  4. Siddiq-e-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr by prof. Masud ul Hassan Printed and Published by A. Salam Ferozsons Ltd 60, Shahrah-e-Quaid-e-Azam, Lahore OCLC 3478821
  5. Hadrat 'Umar Faroo By prof. Masud-ul-Hassan Published by AshfaqMmirza, MD, Islamic Publications Ltd 13-E, Shah Alam Market, Lahore, Pakistan Published by Syed Afzal-ul-Haqq Quddusi, Quddusi Printers, Nasir Park, Bilal Gunj, Lahore, Pakistan
  6. Siddiq-e-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr by prof. Masud ul Hassan OCLC 3478821
  7. Siddiq-e-Akbar Hazrat Abu Bakr by prof. Masud ul Hassan Printed and Published by A. Salam, Ferozsons Ltd 60, Shahrah-e-Quaid-e-Azam, Lahore, Pakistan OCLC 3478821
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