Aedes furcifer

Aedes furcifer was named in 1913 as a nomen novum for nigra (Theobald).[1][2] Aedes furcifer and Aedes taylori have been treated as two species, usually found sympatrically, but are difficult to separate morphologically[3] so the term "Aedes furcifer-taylori group" has been used for the two species, and they have not always been differentiated by workers conducting studies on them.[3]

Aedes furcifer
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Diptera
Family:
Culicidae
Genus:
Aedes
Subgenus:
Diceromyia
Species:
Ae. furcifer
Binomial name
Aedes furcifer
Edwards, 1913

Aedes furcifer is the type species for the Aedes (Diceromyia) furcifer group in the Afrotropical realm, comprising three species: Aedes furcifer (Edwards), Aedes taylori (Edwards), and Aedes cordellieri (Huang).[3] Immature and adult female Ae. furcifer sensu stricto and Ae. cordellieri are indistinguishable morphologically, with differences in the male gonocoxite being the only characteristic useful in separating the taxa.[4]

Bionomics

Aedes furcifer is a "tree hole mosquito",[5] i.e., its subadult stages develop in rot-holes in trees.[2] The species has been found in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, and Uganda.[2]

Medical Importance

Yellow fever, chikungunya, Zika, Bouboui and Bunyamwera viruses have been isolated from members of the furcifer group.[3] Ae. furcifer is involved in monkey-to-man and man-to-man transmission of yellow fever, is a potential vector of dengue virus serotype 2, and is a vector of chikungunya virus.[2]

Aedes furcifer feeds readily on monkeys and humans[5] and has been observed to enter villages to feed on humans so is considered to be an important bridge vector between sylvatic and human populations.[6]

References
  1. F. W. Edwards. 1913. Further Notes on African Culicidae. Bulletin of Entomological Research, IV: 47-59; 48; http://www.mosquitocatalog.org/files/pdfs/039100-8.pdf Archived 2016-02-16 at the Wayback Machine.
  2. Thomas V. Gaffigan, Richard C. Wilkerson, James E. Pecor, Judith A. Stoffer and Thomas Anderson. 2016. "Aedes (Dic.) furcifer" in Systematic Catalog of Culicidae, Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, http://www.wrbu.org/SpeciesPages_non-ANO/non-ANO_A-hab/AEfur_hab.html Archived 2016-02-15 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 12 Feb 2016.
  3. Yiau-Min Huang. 1986. Notes on the Aedes (Diceromyia) furcifer Group, With a Description of a New Species (Diptera: Culicidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 88(4): 634-649; http://www.mosquitocatalog.org/files/pdfs/wr237.pdf Archived 2016-02-16 at the Wayback Machine.
  4. P. G. Jupp. 1998. Aedes (Diceromyia) furcifer (Edwards) and Aedes (Diceromyia) cordellieri Huang in Southern Africa: Distribution and Morphological Differentiation. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 14(3):273-276; https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/content/part/JAMCA/JAMCA_V14_N3_P273-276.pdf.
  5. Jupp, PG; McIntosh, BM (1990). "Aedes furcifer and other mosquitoes as vectors of chikungunya virus at Mica, northeastern Transvaal, South Africa". Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association. 6 (3): 415–420. PMID 1977875.
  6. Diallo, D; Sall, AA; Diagne, CT; Faye, O; Faye, O; Ba, Y; Hanley, KA; Buenemann, M; Weaver, SC; Diallo, M (2014). "Zika virus emergence in mosquitoes in southeastern Senegal, 2011". PLoS One. 9 (10): e109442. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0109442. PMC 4195678. PMID 25310102.


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